摘要
人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)所致感染是女性常见的性传播感染,低危型HPV感染可导致尖锐湿疣,高危型HPV持续感染可引起子宫颈癌前病变及子宫颈癌等疾病,严重威胁女性健康。近年来,我国HPV感染率及子宫颈癌发病率逐年升高,并呈年轻化趋势,因此应积极预防HPV感染以降低子宫颈癌以及其他HPV相关疾病及肿瘤的风险。针对HPV感染所致疾病的预防措施包括:(1)以健康教育及HPV疫苗接种为主要措施的一级预防。(2)以定期子宫颈癌筛查及癌前病变的早诊早治为主要措施的二级预防。(3)对子宫颈浸润癌进行诊治的三级预防。目前大量数据证明了HPV疫苗在降低HPV感染所致疾病发病率方面的作用,而对于适龄女性开展适宜的子宫颈癌筛查并及时干预也能够降低子宫颈癌的发生风险和死亡率,建议将适龄女性的HPV疫苗接种及定期子宫颈癌筛查结合起来,最大限度降低HPV感染相关疾病风险,尽早实现世界卫生组织(WHO)消除子宫颈癌的宏伟目标。
Infection caused by human papillomavirus(HPV)is a common sexually transmitted infection among women,low-risk HPV infection can lead to condyloma acuminatum,and persistent high-risk HPV infection can cause cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer,which seriously threatens women's health. In recent years,the infection rate of HPV and the incidence of cervical cancer in China have increased year by year,and patients are becoming younger,so we should actively prevent HPV infection to reduce the risk of cervical cancer and other HPVrelated diseases and tumors. Preventive measures against diseases caused by HPV infection include:primary prevention with health education and HPV vaccination as the main measures;Secondary prevention with regular cervical cancer screening and early diagnosis and treatment of precancerous lesions as the main measures;Tertiary prevention for diagnosis and treatment of invasive carcinoma of cervix. At present,a large number of data have proved the role of HPV vaccine in reducing the incidence of diseases caused by HPV infection. Appropriate cervical cancer screening and timely intervention for appropriate age women can also reduce the risk and mortality of cervical cancer. It is suggested to combine HPV vaccination with regular cervical cancer screening for appropriate age women to minimize the risk of diseases related to HPV infection and realize the grand goal of WHO to eliminate cervical cancer as soon as possible.
作者
米兰
毕蕙
MI Lan;BI Hui(Department of Ob stetrics and Gynecology,Peking University First Hos pital,Beijing 100034,China)
出处
《中国实用妇科与产科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第7期687-692,共6页
Chinese Journal of Practical Gynecology and Obstetrics
基金
国家自然科学基金(62273326)。
