摘要
[目的]探明石阡茶树种质资源的遗传多样性和亲缘关系,为开发和保护石阡茶树资源提供理论依据。[方法]利用SSR分子标记技术,对贵州石阡7个茶树群体122份资源进行SSR位点多态性、遗传多样性及亲缘关系分析,并对不同地域来源的石阡茶树资源进行遗传距离分析。[结果]21对SSR引物共扩增出72个多态性位点,每对引物平均扩增3.43个位点,多态信息含量(PIC)为0.19~0.76,平均为0.51,等位基因在群体中分布均匀且多态性较高。7个茶树群体的Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)均值为0.22,Shannon信息指数(I)均值为0.33,多态位点百分率(PPB)均值为75%,遗传距离为0.0177~0.1036。122份石阡茶树资源的遗传距离为0.10~0.67,当遗传距离为0.21时,分为3个大类群:第I类群包含113份资源,第Ⅱ类群仅有1份茶树资源(SWXD009),第Ⅲ类群包含8份茶树资源,分别是SWXD-B、SWXD-F、SWXD-H、SWXD-M、SQT3、SQT4、SWX005和SWX006;在3个大类群中均有五德镇长兴村的茶树资源。[结论]贵州石阡茶树群体间的遗传差异较小,但群体内个体单株之间具有一定的遗传差异,尤其是五德长兴茶树群体内的遗传背景较丰富,筛选优异资源的基础较好。
[Objective]The genetic diversity and kinship of tea germplasm resources in Shiqian were explored to provide theoretical basis for the development and protection of tea germplasm resources in Shiqian.[Method]The SSR molecular marker technology was used to analyze the polymorphism,genetic diversity and genetic relationship of 122 tea tree resources from 7 populations in Shiqian,Guizhou,and the genet-ic distance of tea tree resources from different regions was analyzed.[Result]A total of 72 polymorphic loci were amplified from 21 pairs of SSR primers,with an average of 3.43 loci per primer pair.The polymorphic information content(PIC)ranged from 0.19 to 0.76,with an average of 0.51.The alleles were distributed uniformly and exhibited high levels of polymorphism within the populations.The mean values of Nei's gene diversity index(H)and Shannon's information index(I)for the seven tea tree populations were 0.22 and 0.33,respective-ly.The average percentage of polymorphic loci(PPB)was 75%.The genetic distances among populations ranged from 0.0177 to 0.1036.The genetic distances of the 122 Shiqian tea tree resources ranged from 0.10 to 0.67,and when the genetic distance was 0.21,they were di-vided into three major clusters.Group I contained 113 resources,Group II contained only 1 tea tree resource(SWXD009),and Group III contained 8 tea tree resources,namely SWXD-B,SWXD-F,SWXD-H,SWXD-M,SQT3,SQT4,SWX005,SWX006;The tea resources from Changxing vilage of Wude town were allfound in the three groups.[Conclusion]The genetic diferentiation among tea tree populations in Shiqian,Guizhou is relatively small.However,there are certain genetic differences among individual plants within populations,especially within the tea tree population of Changxing village,Wude town,indicating a abundant genetic background and a good foundation for selecting and utilizing excellent resources.
作者
林开勤
李悦欣
魏杰
汪安然
喻云春
段长流
王枫
鄢东海
LIN Kai-qin;LI Yue-xin;WEI Jie;WANG An-ran;YU Yun-chun;DUAN Chang-liu;WANG Feng;YAN Dong-hai(Guizhou Tea Research Institute,Guiyang 550006,China;Tea Industry Development Center of Shiqian Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Shiqian,Guizhou 555107,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第7期1435-1441,共7页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
贵州省科学技术基金项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2021]一般155)
贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2020]1Y002)
贵州省农业科学院国家自然科学基金后补助项目(黔农科院国基后补助[2021]14)
贵阳市科技计划项目(筑科合同[2023]2-1)。
关键词
茶树
种质资源
贵州
石阡
遗传多样性
SSR分子标记
Tea plant
Germplasm resources
Guizhou
Shiqian
Genetic diversity
SSR molecular markers
