摘要
为探究稻渔综合种养模式下浮游生物的群落变化特征及其与养殖对象之间的关系,2022年6月-9月采用18S rRNA基因高通量测序技术调查了浙江省海宁市6处稻红螯螯虾(Cherax quadricarinatus)养殖水体中浮游生物的群落组成及多样性的变化,并结合Spearman相关性热图分析了优势种类和多样性指数与生长性状之间的关系。结果显示:红螯螯虾的体长、头胸甲宽、体重、增重率、特定生长率和肥满度在不同稻田间无显著差异,但体长、头胸甲宽和体重随着养殖时间的延长明显增加,特定生长率则显著下降。虾引入稻田后会相对改善水体中浮游生物的群落多样性,然而,随着养殖时间的延长,群落稳定性逐渐降低。隐藻(Cryptomonas)、衣藻(Chlamydomonas)、小球藻(Chlorella)和中剑水蚤(Mesocyclops)是共作期间常见的优势种类。浮游植物的优势种或主要种类(浮游生物中排名前50的种类)与浮游动物的变化趋势不同,前者的相对丰度逐渐增加,后者则逐渐降低。分析发现,季节变化是驱动稻虾共作模式下浮游生物群落演替的主要原因。此外,虾的摄食作用也会对群落变化产生一定影响。相关性分析显示,肥满度与小球藻生物量显著负相关,表明养殖水体的水质对虾的生长和健康状况具有重要影响,因此需平衡好水稻种植区和水产养殖区对营养水平需求不同的矛盾。
In this study,the temporal characteristics and biodiversity of plankton community from June to September 2022 were examined by high-throughput 18S rRNA gene sequencing in 6 co-cultural systems of rice and redclaw crayfish(Cherax quadricarinatus)in Haining City,Zhejiang Province.Further,the relationship between dominant species/diversity indices and growth traits was analyzed by Pearson s correlation coefficient and exhibited the results with a heatmap.Results showed that no significant difference was found in growth traits including body length,carapace width,final body weight,growth rate,specific growth rate and condition factor of C.quadricarinatus among different co-cultural systems.However,the body length,carapace width and final body weight were gradually increasing while specific growth rate was decreasing with the extension of co-cultural time.The biodiversity of plankton community was initially improved by the introduction of C.quadricarinatus but was negatively influenced by its culturing succession.Cryptomonas,Chlamydomonas,Chlorella and Mesocyclops were the dominant species in the co-cultural systems of rice and redclaw crayfish.The relative abundance of the main species(top 50 species of plankton)belonging to phytoplankton and zooplankton exhibited a conflicting variation,with an upward tendency in phytoplankton while a downward tendency in zooplankton.The plankton community could be classified into four types according to the sampling period,indicating that seasonal variation was the main factor driving changes in the plankton community.Moreover,the predation of C.quadricarinatus was also related with the change of plankton community.The condition factor was negatively correlated with Chlorella,indicating that water quality played a significant impact on the growth and health condition of C.quadricarinatus.Thus,it is important to balance the substantial demand of nutrition in paddy and good water quality in the aquaculture areas in co-cultural farming of rice and redclaw crayfish.
作者
唐金玉
黄福勇
戴杨鑫
楼宝
郭水荣
TANG Jinyu;HUANG Fuyong;DAI Yangxin;LOU Bao;GUO Shuirong(Institute of Hydrobiology,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China;Institute of Fisheries Research,Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,China;Hangzhou Center for Agricultural Technology Extension(Hangzhou Plant Protection and Plant Inspection Center),Hangzhou 310013,China)
出处
《浙江农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第7期1537-1547,共11页
Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis
基金
浙江省农业科学院学科建设基金。
关键词
浮游生物
稻渔综合种养
红螯螯虾
高通量测序
多样性
plankton community
co-cultural farming of rice and aquacultural animal
Cherax quadricarinatus
high-throughput DNA sequencing
biodiversity
