摘要
生态优先、绿色发展是推动长江经济带发展必须坚持的战略定位,然而随着长江航运的迅猛发展,大量船舶溢油污染物在长江潜流带沉积,威胁生态安全。为研究船舶溢油在长江上游潜流带中的吸附规律,本研究选用长江航运广泛使用的0号柴油为实验用油,以长江上游潜流带泥沙为研究对象,通过室内平衡振荡实验分析不同浓度水溶态石油烃在不同粒径泥沙中的吸附机理。结果表明:长江上游潜流带泥沙颗粒对水溶态石油烃的吸附平衡时间均在2 h左右,吸附过程呈明显的二阶段特征,包括快速(0~1 h)和慢速(1~2 h)两个阶段,快速阶段吸附量在90%以上,吸附量与粒径大小关系显著,准二级动力学模型(R^(2)为0.995~0.997)拟合效果更好。潜流带泥沙吸附过程呈线性趋势特点明显,Henry线性等温吸附模型(R^(2)为0.918~0.996)对等温吸附实验结果的拟合度更高,呈现出强分配、弱吸附的特点。大多情况下石油烃浓度越高、泥沙粒径越小,泥沙单位吸附量则越多,但有机质含量的差异会影响这一规律;此外,水土比降低、盐度升高会使泥沙单位吸附量增加。研究显示,长江上游潜流带泥沙对水溶态石油烃的吸附速率主要受到化学吸附机理控制,以表面有机质溶解分配作用为主,以非均匀表面化学吸附为辅,石油烃浓度、泥沙粒径、水土比、盐度均对石油烃在潜流带中的吸附有一定影响。
Ecological priority and green development are strategic imperatives that must be adhered to promote the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.However,due to the rapid expansion of shipping activities along the Yangtze River,a large amount of oil spill pollutants has been deposited in the undercurrent zone,posing a significant threat to ecological security.In order to study the adsorption behavior of ship-originated oil spills in the upper undercurrent zone of the Yangtze River,this study selected No.0 diesel oil,which is widely used in Yangtze River shipping operations,as the experimental oil.The sediment from the upper Yangtze River undercurrent zone was chosen as our research subject for studying different particle sizes′adsorption mechanisms of water-soluble petroleum hydrocarbons through indoor equilibrium oscillation experiments.The results indicate that in the subsurface flow zone of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,the adsorption equilibrium time for water-soluble petroleum hydrocarbons by sediment particles is approximately 2 hours.The adsorption process exhibits distinct two-stage characteristics:a fast stage(0-1 h)and a slow stage(1-2 h).The adsorption capacity in the fast stage exceeds 90%and is affected by particle size.The quasi-second-order kinetics model(R^(2) is 0.995-0.997)provides a better fit to the data.The adsorption process in the subsurface shows a linear trend,with a higher fit to the Henry linear isothermal adsorption model(R^(2) is 0.918-0.996),indicating strong distribution and weak adsorption characteristics.In most cases,higher concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons and smaller sediment particle sizes result in greater unit adsorption capacities;however,this relationship can be affected by variations in organic matter content.Additionally,reducing water-to-soil ratio and increasing salinity improve unit adsorption capacities of sediment.The research results indicate that chemisorption mechanism primarily controls the adsorption rate of water-soluble petroleum hydroc
作者
徐杨
梁越
张伟超
许彬
吕平毓
XU Yang;LIANG Yue;ZHANG Weichao;XU Bin;LÜPingyu(School of River and Ocean Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;Upper Changjiang River Bureau of Hydrological and Water Resources Survey,Chongqing 400020,China;National Engineering Research Center for Inland Waterway Regulation,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;Key Laboratory of Hydraulic and Waterway Engineering of the Ministry of Education,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400047,China;Chongqing flood and drought disaster prevention Center,Chongqing 401147,China)
出处
《环境科学研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第8期1779-1788,共10页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.52379097)
重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项面上项目(No.CSTB2022TIAD-GPX0045)
重庆市博士后特别资助项目(No.2022CQBSHTB1010)。
关键词
长江上游
潜流带
泥沙
石油烃
振荡平衡法
吸附机理
the upper reaches of Yangtze River
subsurface flow zone
sediment
petroleum hydrocarbon
oscillation balance method
adsorption mechanism
