摘要
为评价海南省典型城市海口市污水处理厂中精神活性物质(Psychoactive substances,PSs)的污染特征和生态风险,本研究利用固相萃取法和高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测了海口市污水处理厂进出水中14种PSs的浓度,并研究了海口市污水处理厂中PSs的时空变化规律,分析了污水处理厂对PSs的去除率,同时利用风险熵值法(Risk quotient,RQ)对其在污水处理厂出水中的生态风险进行评估。结果表明:①14种PSs在污水处理厂进出水中均有检出,春季和夏季的检出浓度范围分别为0.04~848.49和0.07~752.99 ng/L,检出浓度最高的PSs为麻黄碱和槟榔碱;PSs的时空分布特征受周边人口流动、饮食习惯和产业发展等因素影响。②污水处理厂对检出浓度较高的麻黄碱和槟榔碱平均去除率分别为94%和90%,对3,4-亚甲基二氧基苯丙胺、去甲氯胺酮、氯胺酮和美沙酮等物质的去除率均为负数。③污水处理厂出水中PSs的生态风险较低,除麻黄碱和美沙酮呈现低风险(0.01≤RQ<0.1)以及槟榔碱未开展风险评估外,其余11种PSs均未发现存在生态风险(RQ<0.01)。研究显示,PSs在污水处理厂中广泛存在,并且通过常规污水处理工艺不能将其完全去除,虽然污水处理厂出水中PSs的生态风险较低,但是PSs对水生生态系统长期的潜在风险仍然需要引起关注。
This study investigated the occurrence,pollution characteristics,and ecological risks of psychoactive substances(PSs)in wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)in Haikou City.Solid phase extraction(SPE)and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)were used to analyze the pollution levels and spatiotemporal changes of 14 types of PS.The removal rates of PSs in different WWTPs were investigated,and the ecological risks were evaluated using the risk quotient(RQ)method.The results showed that:(1)14 psychoactive substances were detected in the influent and effluent of the WWTPs,with concentration ranges of 0.04-848.49 and 0.07-752.99 ng/L in spring and summer,respectively.The highest concentrations of PSs were ephedrine(EPH)and arecoline(ARE).The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics were significantly influenced by factors such as surrounding population mobility,dietary habits,and industrial development.(2)The removal rates of EPH and ARE could reach up 94%and 90%,respectively,while the removal rates of 3,4-methylenedioxy amphetamine(MDA),NK(Norketamine),KET(Ketamine)and MTD(Methadone)were all negative.(3)The ecological risk of PSs in the effluent of WWTPs is low,and the risks of EPH and MTD are low(0.01≤RQ<0.1).There is no ecological risk for other psychoactive substance(RQ<0.01).The research has shown that psychoactive substances are widely present in wastewater and cannot be completely removed through wastewater treatment processes.Therefore,their potential long-term ecological risks to the water environment should not be ignored.
作者
陈俊男
李馨
任国梁
王立成
王晨野
陈力可
吴晓晨
徐建
CHEN Junnan;LI Xin;REN Guoliang;WANG Licheng;WANG Chenye;CHEN Like;WU Xiaochen;XU Jian(Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Hainan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Haikou 571126,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)
出处
《环境科学研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第8期1769-1778,共10页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目(No.42325706)
海南省自然科学基金项目(No.422RC801)
海南省研究生创新科研课题(No.Qhys2022-76)。
关键词
精神活性物质(PSs)
污水
时空变化
生态风险
海口市
psychoactive substances(PSs)
wastewater
temporal and spatial variations
ecological risk
Haikou City
