摘要
【目的】本研究旨在借鉴韩国的经验和做法,探讨中国渔业总可捕量(TAC)制度的管理方向,提高中国TAC制度管理的实效,实现中国海洋渔业可持续发展。【进展】TAC制度是重要的产出控制型渔业资源管理制度,对于促进中国渔业可持续发展具有重要意义。中国从2017年开始实施海洋渔业限额捕捞试点,由此开启对海洋渔业实行TAC管理的积极探索。目前中国渔业TAC管理处于起步阶段,存在法制不够健全、配额设定过高、监管力量不足等问题。为解决这些问题,本文选取了与中国情况类似的韩国TAC制度开展对比分析研究,阐述目前形势下中国实施TAC制度的必要性,介绍中韩两国TAC制度的实施现状,深入剖析韩国TAC制度的发展历程、实施过程、经验与不足。【结论】借鉴韩国的实践经验,有效地解决中国TAC初级阶段已存在的问题,同时汲取韩国TAC实施过程中的教训,提前做好中国TAC制度设计,避免因制度漏洞引发新的问题。基于中国国情与TAC实施现状,提出加强中国TAC管理的建议,包括建立系统的TAC法律法规体系,实施长期渔业资源监测,建立严密的TAC监管体系,以及提高公众对TAC制度的认识、教育和培训等,以期推动TAC制度在中国顺利实施,有效助推中国渔业实现绿色高质量发展。
[Objective]This study aims to explore the direction of total allowable catch(TAC)management in China,enhance the effectiveness of China’s TAC system and realize the sustainable development of China’s marine fisheries by drawing lessons from South Korea’s experience and practices.[Progress]The initial stage of China’s TAC management faces challenges such as overly high quotas and inadequate regulatory oversight.To address these issues,this paper conducts a comparative analysis with South Korea,a country with a similar fishery context.It expounds the necessity of implementing the TAC system in China under the current situation,examines the implementation status of TAC systems in both countries,and delves into the development histories,implementation processes,and identifies key experiences and shortcomings of South Korea’s TAC system.[Conclusion]Drawing on insights and lessons from South Korea,this study proposes recommendations for enhancing TAC management in China to effectively solve the existing problems in the initial stage of TAC in China,and avoid new problems caused by system loopholes.Suggestions include establishing a comprehensive legal and regulatory framework for TAC,implementing long-term fishery resource monitoring,instituting rigorous TAC monitoring mechanisms,and enhancing public awareness,education,and training on TAC systems.These measures aim to facilitate the effective implementation of TAC in China and foster high-quality development in the fisheries sector.
作者
徐静静
李伟鹏
马玉洁
吴琼
马德林
XU Jingjing;LI Weipeng;MA Yujie;WU Qiong;MA Delin(Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)
出处
《渔业研究》
2024年第4期384-392,共9页
Journal of Fisheries Research
基金
农业农村部资助项目(A060101)。
关键词
总可捕量(TAC)
渔业资源管理
韩国
高质量发展
total allowable catch(TAC)
fishery resource management
South Korea
high-quality development
