摘要
目的了解云南省不同海拔地区变应原分布情况及气象因素对变应原致敏率的影响,为云南省不同地区制定合理的变应原筛查方案提供理论依据。方法回顾性分析2022年1月至2023年12月就诊于昆明市儿童医院耳鼻咽喉科且常居住地为西双版纳州、德宏州、红河州、昭通市、昆明市、大理州、迪庆州7个地区的变应性鼻炎(AR)患儿的临床资料,行皮肤点刺试验(SPT),分析SPT检测的阳性结果及人口学资料;同时结合7个地区海拔及同期的气象数据(平均气温、平均年相对湿度、平均年风速和平均年降水量),分析海拔及气象因素与变应原的关系。结果共收集到8175份数据,在不同气象及海拔下,尘螨及部分花粉变应原的SPT阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同海拔下(包括高海拔地区)尘螨仍为主要致敏原。尘螨SPT阳性率与平均年气温呈正相关,与海拔呈负相关(P均<0.05);花粉SPT阳性率与平均年相对湿度呈负相关(P<0.05);尘螨SPT阳性率随年龄的增加而升高(P<0.05)。结论云南不同气象因素及海拔地区致敏原的分布可能存在差异,需个性化制定诊治及预防方案。
Objective To understand the distribution of allergens in different altitude areas of Yunnan Province and evaluate the impact of meteorological factors on the sensitization rate of allergens,providing a theoretical basis for formulating reasonable allergen screening programs in different regions of Yunnan Province.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in children with allergic rhinitis(AR)admitted to Department of Otolaryngology of Kunming Children’s Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023,and their permanent places of residence were Xishuangbanna prefecture,Dehong prefecture,Honghe prefecture,Zhaotong,Kunming,Dali prefecture,and Diqing prefecture.Skin prick tests(SPT)were performed,and the positive results of SPT and demographic data were analyzed.At the same time,the relationship between altitudes and meteorological factors and allergens was analyzed by considering the altitudes of these seven regions and meteorological data(average temperature,average annual relative humidity,average annual wind speed,and average annual precipitation)during the same period.Results A total of 8,175 data sets were collected.Under different meteorological and altitude conditions,the positive rate of SPT for dust mites and partial pollen allergens showed significant differences(all P<0.05),and dust mites remained the main allergen even at high altitudes.The positive rate of dust mite SPT was positively correlated with the average annual temperature and negatively correlated with the altitude(both P<0.05);the positive rate of pollen SPT was negatively correlated with the average annual relative humidity(P<0.05);the positive rate of dust mite SPT was increased with age(P<0.05).Conclusion The distribution of allergens in different meteorological and altitude areas of Yunnan Province may vary,and personalized diagnosis,treatment,prevention programs need to be formulated.
作者
朱元莉
王美兰
张铁松
陈德玉
张婷
高映勤
ZHU Yuanli;WANG Meilan;ZHANG Tiesong;CHEN Deyu;ZHANG Ting;GAO Yingqin(Department of Otolaryngology,Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650228,China;Dali University,Dali 671003,China)
出处
《新医学》
CAS
2024年第7期571-577,共7页
Journal of New Medicine
基金
云南省科技计划项目(202103AF140008)
昆明市卫生科技人才培养项目(2023-培养类别-00)
昆明市卫生科技人才培养项目暨技术中心建设项目[2020-SW(技)-09]。
关键词
变应性鼻炎
气象因素
海拔
变应原
皮肤点刺试验
Allergic rhinitis
Meteorological factor
Altitude
Allergen
Skin prick tests
