摘要
氧化物陶瓷具有高硬度、高强度以及优异的抗氧化和抗腐蚀性能,是高性能发动机极端高温、燃气腐蚀、氧化服役环境用重要的候选高温结构材料,在航空航天用高端装备领域具有广阔的应用前景。与传统陶瓷制备技术相比,激光增材制造技术能够一步实现从原材料粉末到高性能结构件的一体化高致密成型,具有柔性度好、成型效率高的特点,可以快速制备高性能、高精度、大尺寸复杂结构部件。近年来,基于液固相变发展的熔体生长氧化物陶瓷激光增材制造技术已成为高温结构材料制备技术领域的前沿研究热点之一。本文首先概述了激光增材制造技术的基本原理,着重介绍了选区激光熔化与激光定向能量沉积两种典型激光增材制造技术的工艺特点。在此基础上,重点阐述了利用激光增材制造技术制备不同氧化物陶瓷的组织特征及工艺参数对微观组织的影响规律,并总结比较了不同体系氧化物陶瓷力学性能的差异。最后,对该领域存在的问题进行了梳理和分析,并对未来的发展趋势进行了展望。
Oxide ceramics,known for their outstanding strength and excellent oxidation and corrosion resistance,are prime candidates for high-temperature structural materials of aero-engines.These materials hold vast potential for application in high-end equipment fields of the aerospace industry.Compared with traditional ceramic preparation methods,laser additive manufacturing(LAM)can directly realize the integrated forming from raw powders to high-performance components in one step.LAM stands out for its high forming efficiency and good flexibility,enabling rapid production of large complex structural components with high performance and high precision.Recently,research on LAM for melt-grown oxide ceramics,which involves liquid-solid phase transition,has surged as a hot topic.This paper begins by outlining the basic principles of LAM technology,with an emphasis on the process characteristics of two typical LAM technologies:selective laser melting and laser directed energy deposition.On this basis,the paper summarizes the microstructure characteristics of several different oxide ceramics prepared by LAM and examines how process parameters influence these microstructures.The differences in mechanical properties of laser additive manufactured oxide ceramics with different systems are also summarized.Finally,the existing problems in this field are sorted out and analyzed,and the future development trend is prospected.
作者
陈乾
苏海军
姜浩
申仲琳
余明辉
张卓
CHEN Qian;SU Haijun;JIANG Hao;SHEN Zhonglin;YU Minghui;ZHANG Zhuo(State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;Research Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen,Shenzhen 518057,China)
出处
《无机材料学报》
SCIE
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第7期741-753,共13页
Journal of Inorganic Materials
基金
国家自然科学基金(52130204,52174376,51822405)
陕西省科技创新团队计划(2021TD-17)
中央高校基本科研业务费(D5000210902)
航空科学基金(20220042053001)
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2021B1515120028)
创新特区项目(23-TQ09-02-ZT-01-005)。
关键词
超高温氧化物陶瓷
激光增材制造
选区激光熔化
激光定向能量沉积
组织调控
综述
ultra-high temperature oxide ceramic
laser additive manufacturing
selective laser melting
laser directed energy deposition
microstructure evolution
review
