摘要
种子萌发是植物生命周期的起始.在萌发过程中,干燥种子从静止状态迅速恢复代谢活性,导致胚突破周围结构以完成萌发.种子萌发是一个复杂的多步骤过程,受许多内源和外源因子的调控,在物种生存与繁衍和作物生产中具有重要的生物学和经济意义,但其分子调控机制目前还不完全清楚.近年来,种子萌发及其调控的研究已取得了许多重要的成就.本文在此基础上综述了种子萌发调控的研究进展,主要包括种子萌发的生理调节、植物激素特别是脱落酸和赤霉素的作用、基因转录和转录后控制、特异性调控因子以及表观遗传的调控,并提出了在本领域需要进一步研究的科学问题,试图为深入理解种子萌发的分子机制,从而为提高种子萌发活力和防止穗萌发提供参考.
Seed germination is the initiation of plant life cycle.The dry seeds quickly recover their metabolic activities from a quiescent state during germination,which causes embryos to break through the surrounding structures during the completion of seed germination.Seed germination is a complex multiple-step process.It is regulated by many endogenous and exogenous factors,and has an important biological and economic significance in species survival,reproduction,and crop production.The molecular regulatory mechanism of seed germination,however,is now not fully understood.In recent years,many significant achievements have been made in the studies of seed germination and its regulation.In this article,the research progress in the regulation of seed germination was reviewed,mainly including physiological regulations,the roles of phytohormones(especially abscisic acid and gibberellins),controls of gene transcription and post-transcription,regulations of specific regulators,as well as epigenetic regulation.In addition,we also propose some scientific issues that need to be further investigated in this field,which will help to deeply understand the molecular mechanism of seed germination,increase seed germination vigor,and prevent pre-harvest sprouting.
作者
宋松泉
唐翠芳
程红焱
舒凯
SONG SongQuan;TANG CuiFang;CHENG HongYan;SHU Kai(Nanling Research Institute for Modern Seed Industry,Xiangnan University,Chenzhou 423099,China;Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China;College of Ecology and Environment,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710129,China)
出处
《中国科学：生命科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第7期1226-1253,共28页
Scientia Sinica(Vitae)
基金
郴州国家可持续发展议程创新示范区建设省级专项(批准号:2022sfq06)
郴州市人民政府及湘南学院人才项目资助。
关键词
表观遗传
生理
植物激素
调控
种子萌发
转录和转录后
epigenetics
physiology
phytohormone
regulation
seed germination
transcription and post-transcription
