摘要
冀东是国内沉积变质型铁矿(BIF)的重要分布区,但其尾矿重金属元素含量特征及迁移规律研究较为薄弱。以国内代表性BIF型铁矿——河北钢铁集团司家营铁矿研山、二号尾矿库样品为研究对象,依据重金属元素Pb、Cr、Cd、Cu、Zn、As、Hg和Ni的含量及变化特征,探讨尾矿中重金属元素含量水平和垂直空间的含量变化。并利用单因子污染指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对尾矿库的重金属污染特征及生态风险进行了评价。结果表明:①司家营研山尾矿库部分点位中的Cr、Cu、Ni和Cd含量超过背景值,司家营二号尾矿库部分点位中Cu、Cr和Pb含量超过背景值;且两尾矿库重金属形态以Fe-Mn氧化物结合态和残渣态为主,重金属有效态占比较高。②在垂向上,两尾矿库重金属呈现由表层向次表层迁移趋势;在水平上,两尾矿库不同区域内,重金属总量均呈现向库内迁移趋势。③单因子污染指数和内梅罗污染指数表明,司家营研山尾矿库中重金属污染程度排序为Cd>Ni>Cu>Cr,处于轻污染;司家营二号尾矿库中重金属污染程度排序为Cu>Cr>Ni>Pb,Cu为中污染、Cr为轻污染、Ni和Pb为警戒级。潜在生态风险指数表明,两尾矿库的潜在生态风险指数RI均为轻度生态危害等级。总体上,该地区铁尾矿存在一定的重金属污染风险,应加强动态监测和生态修复治理,防止重金属污染进一步发生。
Eastern Hebei Province is an important distribution area of sedimentary metamorphic iron ore(BIF)in China,but the study on the content characteristics and migration pattern of heavy metals in its tailings is relatively weak.In this paper,the horizontal and vertical spatial content changes of heavy metals in tailings were investigated based on the content and variation characteristics of heavy metal elements Pb,Cr,Cd,Cu,Zn,As,Hg and Ni,using samples from the Yanshan and No.2 tailings ponds of Sijiaying Iron Mine of Hebei Iron and Steel Group,a representative BIF-type iron ore mine in China as the study object.Based on this,the heavy metal pollution characteristics and ecological risks of the tailings ponds were evaluated by using the single factor pollution index method,the Nemero integrated pollution index method and the potential ecological risk index method.The results showe that:①the content of elemental Cr,Cu,Ni and Cd in some points of Sijiaying Yanshan tailings pond exceeded the background value;the content of elemental Cu,Cr and Pb in some points of Sijiaying No.2 tailings pond exceeded the background value;and the heavy metal forms in the two tailings ponds were mainly Fe-Mn oxide-binding state and residue state,and the effective state of heavy metals accounted for a higher percentage.②In the vertical direction,the heavy metals in the two tailing ponds showed a trend of migration from the surface layer to the subsurface layer;in the horizontal direction,the total heavy metals in different areas of the two tailing ponds showed a trend of migration to the pond.③The single-factor and Nemero pollution indices show that the pollution level of heavy metals in Sijiaying Yanshan tailings pond is ranked as Cd>Ni>Cu>Cr,which is in light pollution;the pollution level of heavy metals in Sijiaying No.2 tailings pond is ranked as Cu>Cr>Ni>Pb,with Cu as medium pollution,Cr as light pollution,Ni and Pb as alert level.The potential ecological risk index indicates that the potential ecological risk index RI of both t
作者
张振国
王月
陈军典
高倩
邢杰
骆念岗
田释梦
代佳浩
ZHANG Zhenguo;WANG Yue;CHEN Jundian;GAO Qian;XING Jie;LUO Niangang;TIAN Shimeng;DAI Jiahao(College of Mining,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China;Geophysical Measuring Exploration Institute of Liaoning Province,Liaoning 110031,China;Liaoning Provincial Geological and Mineral Survey Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110031,China)
出处
《金属矿山》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第7期231-240,共10页
Metal Mine
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41172015,41972004)
河北省自然科学基金项目(编号:D2017209236,E2019209339)
河北省教育厅自然科学基金重点项目(编号:ZD2016077)。
关键词
铁尾矿库
重金属
含量特征
生态风险评价
iron tailings pond
heavy metals
content characteristics
ecological risk assessment
