摘要
本文基于田野调查所获得的第一手材料,用声学实验验证瑶语金门方言麻栗坡话次清调的发声态特征是气声。通过瑶语方言比较,发现麻栗坡话次清调的声母来源于送气闭塞音和清鼻音、清边音。麻栗坡话次清调的演变路径是“无次清调→部分次清调分化→全部次清调分化”。演变动因是次清声类引起元音气声化产生气声,气声引起音高降低,导致次清调产生。次清调产生后仍伴随气声,音高和气声存在并存与竞争关系,气声对音高的制约逐渐减小并有消失的趋势。
Based on the firsthand materials obtained from fieldwork,this paper uses acoustic experiments to verify that the phonation feature of the Ciqing次清tones in the Malipo variety of the Jinmen dialect of Mien is the breathy voice.Through the comparison of the Mien dialects,it is found that the initials of the Ciqing tones originate from aspirated obstruents as well as voiceless nasals and voiceless laterals.The evolutionary path of the Ciqing tones in Malipo is as follows:no Ciqing tones→split of partial Ciqing tones→split of all Ciqing tones.The motivation for the evolution of the Ciqing tones is that the aspirated initials lead to breathiness of vowels,bringing about the breathy voice,which in turn causes pitch lowering and hence induces the split of the Ciqing tones.The Ciqing tones are still accompanied with the breathy voice,and pitch and breathiness coexist and compete with each other.The restriction of the breathy voice on pitch gradually decreases and shows a trend of disappearance.
作者
余金枝
杜长虹
YU Jinzhi;DU Changhong
出处
《民族语文》
北大核心
2024年第2期32-45,共14页
Minority Languages of China
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国苗语方言地图集(21&ZD302)”
云南省哲学社会科学创新团队“云南边境地区语言文化安全研究(2022CX07)”的资助。
关键词
瑶语
麻栗坡话
次清调
气声
演变路径
Mien language
Malipo variety of Mien
Ciqing gtones
breathy voice evolutionary path
