摘要
电动汽车作为新能源汽车的代表,已经成为全球主要经济体认可的发展方向,而车载天线在车辆通信中起着关键作用,支持无线电话通信、GPS导航、无线数据传输等功能,提供更便捷、安全、智能化的驾驶体验。目前GPS全球定位系统广泛应用于电动汽车导航,由于GPS天线的工作频率为1.575 GHz,车内乘客在这种高频电磁暴露下的健康风险令人担忧。构建GPS天线、电动汽车、人体模型,通过在有限元仿真软件COMSOL Multiphysics中进行频域和瞬态分析的多物理场耦合计算,得到电动汽车内3个位置的人体在受到GPS天线辐射30 min后的比吸收率(SAR)分布。结果得出30 min全身平均SAR为0.0036 W/kg,是ICNIRP限值的4.5%,说明车载GPS天线的电磁暴露不会对人体健康造成威胁。
Electric vehicles,as representatives of new energy vehicles,have become the recognized direction of development in major global economies.Vehicle-mounted antennas play a critical role in vehicle communication,supporting functions such as wireless telephony,GPS navigation,and wireless data transmission,providing a more convenient,secure,and intelligent driving experience.Currently,GPS global positioning systems are widely used in electric vehicle navigation.However,concerns arise regarding the potential health risks for passengers inside the vehicle due to the high-frequency electromagnetic exposure from GPS antennas,which operate at a frequency of 1.575 GHz.In this study,a simulation model was constructed,consisting of a GPS antenna,an electric vehicle,and a human body model.Through multiphysics field coupling calculations in the frequency domain and transient analysis using the finite element simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics,the specific absorption rate(SAR)distribution of the human body at three locations inside the electric vehicle,after 30 minutes of exposure to GPS antenna radiation,was obtained.The results showed that the average SAR for the entire body after 30 minutes was 0.0036 W/kg,which is 4.5%of the ICNIRP limit.This indicates that the electromagnetic exposure from the vehicle-mounted GPS antenna does not pose a threat to human health.
出处
《科技创新与应用》
2024年第24期1-5,共5页
Technology Innovation and Application
关键词
GPS天线
高频电磁场
电磁环境
暴露控制标准
公众暴露
GPS antenna
high-frequency electromagnetic field
electromagnetic environment
exposure control standards
public exposure
