摘要
基于2015—2022年辽宁省80个国控站点和109个省控站点空气质量监测数据,计算空气质量综合指数(Air Quality Composite Index,AQCI),分析辽宁省空气质量时间变化规律,并应用ArcGIS空间自相关方法探讨不同时间尺度AQCI空间分布特征。结果表明:2015—2022年辽宁省AQCI总体呈下降趋势,由2015年的5.64降至2022年的3.55;2022年空气质量优良率较2015年提升24.7%;首要污染物中O_(3)、PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)占比从93.1%增加到99.0%。各季AQCI呈夏季<秋季<春季<冬季的分布规律;空气质量优良率夏季或秋季最高,春季次之,冬季最低;首要污染物呈季节性波动,春、秋、冬季以PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)污染为主,O_(3)污染主要出现在夏季。AQCI月变化明显,1月最高,7月或8月最低,各市差异较大;空气质量优良率1月最低,8月最高;各月首要污染物中PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)和O_(3)合计占比超过90%。辽宁省AQCI空间聚集特征明显,随时间变化具有差异性,中部城市群高值聚集特征尤为显著。
Based on the air quality monitoring data in Liaoning province from 2015 to 2022,the Air Quality Composite Index(AQCI)was used as the characterization index to analyze the temporal variation of air quality,and the ArcGIS spatial autocorrelation tool was used to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of AQCI at different time scales.The results show that AQCI in Liaoning province shows a downtrend over the past 8 years,decreasing from 5.64 in 2015 to 3.55 in 2022.The excellent air quality rate steadily increased,with a 24.7%improvement in 2022 compared to 2015.The proportion of O_(3),PM_(2.5),and PM_(10) as primary pollutants increased from 93.1%to 99.0%.The seasonal mean value of AQCI follows the distribution pattern of summer<autumn<spring<winter.The excellent air quality rate is highest in summer or autumn,followed by spring,and winter is lowest.The primary pollutants show seasonal fluctuations,with PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) being the main pollutants in spring,autumn,and winter,while O_(3) pollution mainly occurs in summer.The monthly variation in AQCI is significant,which varies largely in different cities,with the highest values in January and the lowest values in July or August.The excellent air quality rate is lowest in January and highest in August.PM_(2.5),PM_(10),and O_(3) account for more than 90%of the primary pollutants each month.The spatial aggregation characteristics of AQCI in Liaoning province are evident,with variations over time.The high-value aggregation characteristics of the central urban agglomeration are particularly significant.
作者
于文革
梁铁军
王玉琦
张浩楠
张倩怡
丁桦
YU Wen′ge;LIANG Tiejun;WANG Yuqi;ZHANG Haonan;ZHANG Qianyi;DING Hua(Dandong Meteorological Service,Dandong 118000,China;Liaoning Dandong Ecological Environment Monitoring Center,Dandong 118000,China)
出处
《气象与环境学报》
2024年第3期37-45,共9页
Journal of Meteorology and Environment
基金
辽宁省气象局科技项目(202109)资助。
关键词
AQCI
首要污染物
空气质量优良率
空间自相关
Air Quality Composite Index(AQCI)
Primary pollutants
Excellent air quality rate
Spatial autocorrelation
