摘要
结冰气象捕获、最优气象条件选取准则、符合性数据处理方法等一直是飞机自然结冰试飞过程中亟待攻克的难题。通过分析CCAR25部附录C结冰气象标准的形成背景及其局限性,提出一种利用结冰试验研究机开展结冰探测的飞行方法,该方法包括试验研究机的选型、改装、探测目标区域确定、飞行操作策略、飞行安全管理、数据处理等。依据对探测数据的统计分析,确定民用运输机自然结冰试飞的气象条件选取准则,规范云隙、液态水含量、总水收集率、积冰速率、积冰厚度和冰脱落程度等一系列结冰气象的数据处理方法和符合性判据,校验国内结冰气象预测算法,探索自然结冰试飞的安全管控策略和风险降解措施。大量飞行实测表明:该方法通用性强,效果显著,已经成功应用于C919大型客机合格取证试飞工作,并有力支撑了国内结冰适航标准自主。
During the natural icing test flight of an aircraft,capturing icing weather conditions,selecting optimal meteorological conditions,and processing compliance data have been long-standing challenges.This article analyzes the background and limitations of the formation of the icing meteorological standard in Appendix C of CCAR25,and proposes a flight method for ice detection using an icing experimental research aircraft.This method includes the selection and modification of icing experimental research aircraft,detection target area determination,flight operation strategy,flight safety management,data processing,etc.Based on statistical analysis of detection data,the selection criteria for meteorological conditions for natural icing flight test of civil aircraft are determined.A series of data processing methods and compliance criteria for icing meteorology are standardized,including cloud gaps,liquid water content,total water collection rate,icing rate,icing thickness,and degree of ice shedding.Domestic icing meteorological prediction algorithms are calibrated and verified,and safety control strategies and risk degradation measures for natural icing flight test are explored.A large number of flight tests have shown that this method has strong versatility and significant effects.It has been successfully applied to the certification of C919 aircraft,and strongly supports the independent development of domestic icing airworthiness standards.
作者
丁军亮
DING Junliang(Research Management Department,China Flight Test Establishment,Xi’an 710089,China)
出处
《航空工程进展》
CSCD
2024年第4期152-161,共10页
Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering
关键词
自然结冰
飞行试验
结冰气象探测
液态水含量
中值水滴直径
natural icing
flight test
ice meteorological detection
liquid water content
median water drop diameter
