摘要
以水城县阿戛镇小牛煤矿上方山体工程为背景,提出基于“天—地—理”协同现场试验的可行性研究方案。滑坡的破坏往往伴随着降雨造成坡脚破坏的累积效应,研究降雨型滑坡的破坏模式和失稳机制至关重要,采用数值分析和现场试验来检查降雨型滑坡的演变。利用多种仪器(GNSS传感器、雨量传感器、加速度传感器、裂缝计等)对降雨量对其边坡稳定性进行现场试验研究,揭示由于地下采矿后地表沉降演化机制降雨条件下边坡变形规律性;此外,采用数值模拟方法分析降雨条件下降雨量与岩体饱和度、塑性破坏状态的关系。结果表明,采矿后地表沉降段的地表沉降、加速度、裂缝和雨量变化规律与滑坡演化过程一致,表明地表沉降、裂缝、加速度可作为滑坡失稳的判据,坡脚的稳定对控制滑坡稳定性起着至关重要的作用。随降雨量的增加,渗流影响范围越来越大,雨水到达滑带的时间也越来越短,当降雨量达到一定时,打破已有的地应力平衡,发生滑坡;发生滑坡的滑坡面处于岩体交界位置或裂隙带贯穿位置,若滑坡面距离地表越浅,降雨量越大,所需滑坡的时间更短,导致预警时间更短。因此,及时关注并分析降雨量和岩层交界位置是滑坡有效预警的关键因素。
Taking the mountain project above Xiaoniu Coal Mine in Aga Town,Shuicheng County as the background,a feasibility study scheme based on"space-ground-geography"collaborative field test was proposed.The destruction of landslides is often accompanied by the cumulative effect of slope toe damage caused by rainfall.It is very important to study the failure mode and instability mechanism of rainfall-induced landslides.The study used numerical analysis and field tests to examine the evolution of rainfall-induced landslides.A variety of instruments(GNSS sensors,rainfall sensors,acceleration sensors,crack meters,etc.)were used to conduct field tests on the slope stability of rainfall,revealing the regularity of slope deformation under rainfall conditions due to the evolution mechanism of surface subsidence after underground mining.In addition,the relationship between rainfall and rock saturation and plastic failure state under rainfall conditions was analyzed by numerical simulation.The results show that the variation law of surface subsidence,acceleration,cracks and rainfall in the surface subsidence section after mining is consistent with the evolution process of landslide,indicating that surface subsidence,cracks and acceleration can be used as the criterion of landslide instability,and the stability of slope toe plays an important role in controlling landslide stability.It is concluded that with the increase of rainfall,the influence range of seepage becomes larger and larger,and the time of rainwater reaching the slip zone becomes shorter and shorter.When the rainfall reaches a certain value,the existing ground stress balance is broken and the landslide occurs.The landslide surface where the landslide occurs is at the junction of the rock mass or through the fracture zone.If the landslide surface is shallower from the surface,the rainfall is greater,and the time required for the landslide is shorter,resulting in a shorter early warning time.Therefore,timely attention and analysis of rainfall and rock strata handover l
作者
赵智辉
Zhao Zhihui(CCTEG Chongqing Research Institute,Chongqing 400037,China)
出处
《能源与环保》
2024年第7期34-42,50,共10页
CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
基金
重庆市博士“直通车”项目(CSTB2023NSCQ-BSX0009)。
关键词
滑坡
降雨量
监测设备
预警模型
landslide
rainfall
monitoring equipment
early warning model
