摘要
数字技能在农村地区的广泛应用对农民收入产生了极大影响。文章使用2014—2020年中国家庭追踪调查数据,通过熵权法与层次分析法相结合的方法,从收入充足性、结构性、成长性和知识性四个维度对农民收入质量进行测度,结果显示:总体来看,农民收入质量呈上升态势,主要得益于收入充足性提高与结构性优化;分地区来看,东部地区农民收入质量高于中西部地区,呈现差距扩大态势,但南方地区农民收入质量高于北方及东北地区,差距逐步缩小而东北地区落后幅度持续增大。进一步构建Tobit模型等检验数字技能应用对农民收入质量的影响,结果发现:(1)数字技能将农民收入质量提升了8.34%,其促进作用在高数字技能农民群体中尤为突出。(2)数字技能对农民收入质量各维度均具有促进作用,但对收入结构性与成长性的作用更显著。(3)数字技能对农民收入质量的促进作用在东北地区及中西部地区更为明显,有助于缩小农民收入质量的地区间差距。文章创新性地从微观角度测算农民收入质量,并探讨数字技能应用对农民收入质量的具体影响,为农民收入质量提升提供了新的研究视角。基于研究结果,文章提出要加快农民职业教育培训,提升农民人力资本水平;组织公益性数字技术技能培训,通过使用数字理财等方式拓展农民收入来源;在中西部地区加快数字基础设施建设以及数字技能普及,提升农民收入质量。
The widespread application of digital skills has had a significant impact on rural households'income.Using data from China Family Panel Studies from 2014 to 2020,this article used the entropy weighting method combined with the analytic hierarchy process to measure the quality of rural households'income from four dimensions:sufficiency,structure,growth and knowledge.The results showed that:Overall,the quality of rural households'income had improved,mainly due to the improvement in income sufficiency and structural optimization.From regional perspective,the quality of rural households'income in the eastern regions was higher than that in the central and western regions,and the gap was widening,but the quality of rural households'income in the southern regions was higher than that in the northern and northeastern regions,and the gap was narrowing but the backwardness in the northeastern regions continued to increase.Furthermore,a Tobit model was constructed to test the impact of digital skills on rural households'income quality.The results showed that:(1)Digital skills raised the quality of rural households'income by 8.34%,and their promotional effects were particularly prominent among high-skilled farmers.(2)Digital skills had a promotional effect on all dimensions of rural households'income quality,but their effects on income structure and growth were more significant.(3)The promotion of digital skills on rural households'income quality was more significant in the northeastern and central and western regions,which helped narrow the gap in rural households'income quality between regions.The article innovatively calculated the quality of rural households'income from a micro perspective and explored the specific impact of digital skills application on rural households'income quality,providing a new research perspective for improving rural households'income quality.Based on the research findings,the article suggested accelerating farmers'vocational education and training to improve farmers'human capital level,organizi
作者
张志新
刘欣茹
丁鑫
ZHANG Zhixin;LIU Xinru;DING Xin(School of Economics,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255022)
出处
《林业经济》
2024年第5期79-96,共18页
Forestry Economics
基金
山东省社会科学规划研究项目“数字强省建设下山东农业数字化转型与实现路径研究”(22CJJJ33)。
关键词
数字技能
农民收入质量
TOBIT模型
digital skills
rural households'income quality
Tobit modeling
