摘要
啮齿动物是我国东北农牧交错带主要有害动物类群,威胁当地农牧业生产与居民身体健康。为探讨农牧交错带啮齿动物群落结构与环境因子的关系,于2020年和2021年的6月-9月,调查了东北农牧交错带南段不同类型生境中啮齿动物的种类和数量,利用增强回归树模型分析气候、生产力、生境异质性、土壤等因子与啮齿动物密度、物种多样性的关系。结果表明:共捕获601只啮齿动物,分属于18个种,优势种为黑线仓鼠Cricetulus barabensis,占总捕获个体数的27.94%。草地生境中啮齿动物的捕获率(2.99%)最高,农草交错区生境中群落多样性指数最高;不同生境类型的啮齿动物群落结构具有一定差异,且优势鼠种在不同生境类型的捕获率及空间分布格局亦存在差异。气候和生境异质性因子对啮齿动物密度、物种丰富度的综合作用最大,其中净初级生产力通过上行效应调控啮齿动物密度与物种丰富度。基于此,我们建议根据不同生境类型中啮齿动物密度及群落特征制定针对性的鼠害防控对策,并加强优势鼠种在不同生境类型间的迁移及为害的研究,以便更好地开展景观管理,实现害鼠生态治理。
Rodents are the main harmful animals in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northeast China,threatening the local agriculture,animal husbandry,and public health.In order to explore the relationship between rodent community structure and environmental factors in this region,we conducted surveys on species and abundance of rodents across different habitat types in the southern part of the northeast agro-pastoral ecotone from June to September in 2020 and 2021.We employed a boosted regression tree model to analyze the relationships between climate,productivity,habitat heterogeneity,soil,and rodent density and species richness.The results revealed 18 species of 601 rodents captured,with Cricetulus barabensis being the dominant species,accounting for 27.94%of the total captured individuals.The highest rodent capture rate(2.99%)was observed in grassland,while the highest community diversity index was recorded in the farmland-grassland ecotone.Rodent community structures varied across different habitat types,with varying capture rates and spatial distribution patterns of dominant rodent species.Climate and habitat heterogeneity exerted major influence on rodent density and species richness,among which,net primary productivity acted on rodent density and species richness through bottom-up effects.Based on our findings,we recommend the development of tailored rodent prevention and control measures for different habitat types according to rodent density and community characteristics.Furthermore,research on the migration and harm of dominant rat species among different habitat types should be strengthened to support effective landscape management and ecological rodent control.
作者
林思亮
周训军
兴安
姜洪雪
姚丹丹
秦姣
冯志勇
郭聪
王勇
LIN Siliang;ZHOU Xunjun;XING An;JIANG Hongxue;YAO Dandan;QIN Jiao;FENG Zhiyong;GUO Cong;WANG Yong(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection,Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities,Tongliao 028000,China;Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China)
出处
《植物保护》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第4期126-134,共9页
Plant Protection
基金
科技基础资源调查专项(2019FY100302)
广东省基础及基础应用研究基金(2023A1515010862)
广东省农业科学院青年导师项目(R2021QD-016)。
关键词
农牧交错带
啮齿动物
群落结构
生境类型
生态治理
agro-pastoral ecotone
rodent
community structure
habitat type
ecological control
