摘要
针对工业过程CO_(2)和固废排放的问题,减污降碳刻不容缓。CO_(2)矿化技术在封存CO_(2)的同时固废得到资源化利用,受到广泛关注。论述了不同工业固废作为CO_(2)矿化原料的利用情况,对比分析了不同矿化工艺优缺点及CO_(2)矿化机理,总结了不同CO_(2)矿化工艺研究现状和工业化应用情况。研究发现,目前针对固废CO_(2)矿化缺乏机制性解释,无法有效控制金属离子的浸取过程和矿化过程中气液固传质的效率,同时矿化形成的碳酸盐产品存在粒径大、易团聚、功能单一等问题。未来需进一步研究浸渍过程中表面溶剂扩散等控制浸取速率和程度的机制;深入研究碳酸盐成核结晶动力学机制及碳酸盐晶体形貌、粒度调控方法;构建煤基固废浸取、矿化溶质气-液-固传输模型,进行工艺参数优化和过程强化并确定放大规律;进一步加强CO_(2)矿化利用技术全生命周期和经济评价;最后,需加大CO_(2)矿化利用技术的中试、示范技术集成和成套工艺建设,为规模化减污降碳技术的工业化发展奠定技术支撑。
In view of the problem of CO_(2) and solid waste emissions in industrial processes,it is urgent to reduce pollution and carbon.CO_(2) mineralization technology has attracted more and more attention because it can be used as resources while storing CO_(2).The utilization of different industrial solid waste as raw materials for CO_(2) mineralization was discussed,the advantages and disadvantages of different miner⁃alization processes and the mechanism of CO_(2) mineralization were compared and analyzed,and research status and industrial application of different CO_(2) mineralization processes were summarized.It is found that at present,there is no mechanical explanation for solid waste CO_(2) mineralization,and it is impossible to effectively control the leaching process of metal ions and the efficiency of gas-liquid-solid mass transfer in the mineralization process.At the same time,carbonate products formed by mineralization have some problems,such as large particle size,easy agglomeration and single function.The mechanism of controlling leaching rate and degree,such as surface solvent diffu⁃sion,should be further investigated in future research.The dynamic mechanism of nucleation and crystallization of carbonate and the con⁃trol methods of morphology and particle size of carbonate crystals should be studied.It is important to establish the gas-liquid-solid trans⁃port model of coal-based solid waste leaching and mineralized solute,optimize the process parameters,carry out process strengthening,and determine the scale-up law.The whole life cycle and economic evaluation of CO_(2) mineralization utilization technology should be fur⁃ther strengthened to make it more energy saving and cost saving.Finally,it is necessary to increase the integration of pilot and demonstra⁃tion technologies and complete process construction of CO_(2) mineralization utilization technology to lay technical support for the industrial development of large-scale pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies.
作者
李磊
潘鑫
刘鲁豫
LI Lei;PAN Xin;LIU Luyu(State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion,Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Taiyuan030001,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing101408,China)
出处
《洁净煤技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第7期1-12,共12页
Clean Coal Technology
基金
中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项课题资助项目(XDA0390404)
山西省科技创新人才团队专项资助项目(202204051001012)
山西煤化所自主创新项目-基础研究资助项目(SCJC-DT-2023-03)
山西省重点研发计划资助项目(202202090301013,202102090301008)
天津市科技计划资助项目(22YFYSHZ00290)
中国工程院院地合作资助项目(2022NXZX2)。
关键词
CO_(2)捕集
工业固废
CO_(2)矿化
吸收-矿化一体化
减污降碳
CO_(2)capture
industrial solid waste
CO_(2)mineralization
absorption and mineralization integration
reduce pollution and carbon
