摘要
本研究旨在探究不同形态钾肥对提高烟田土壤质量和生产力的影响。通过室内培养试验和田间试验,评估了施用不同钾肥后土壤中钾素的生物有效性。在室内培养试验中,分析了3种钾肥处理后土壤中非交换性钾(NEK)、交换性钾(EK)和水溶性钾(WSK)的含量变化。结果显示,这三种钾素形态分别占17.7%~83.9%、11.1%~56.0%和2.3%~36.3%。在不同地区(西南、黄淮和东北)的实验中,施用硅基钾肥显著提高了EK和NEK含量,提升幅度分别为26.3%和18.1%、30.8%和24.5%、36.3%和42.7%。利用灰色关联分析发现,土壤全钾含量、质地和矿物组成是影响NaBPh4提钾量的主要影响因子。在田间试验中,与不施钾处理相比,部分用硅基钾肥替代硫酸钾能显著提高烟草产量(增加8.7%)和钾含量(增加66.6%),同时降低烟田土壤速效钾残留量。综上所述,硅基钾肥可有效维持甚至提升土壤钾素供应能力,其部分替代传统钾肥可显著提升烟草产质量。针对硅基钾肥替代传统钾肥的最佳比例,值得进一步研究探讨。
This study aimed to investigate the impact of different forms of potassium fertilizers on enhancing the soil quality and productivity of tobacco fields.Through a combination of indoor incubation experiments and field trials,the bioavailability of soil potassium after the application of various potassium fertilizers was assessed.The indoor incubation experiments analyzed the changes in the content of non-exchangeable potassium(NEK),exchangeable potassium(EK),and water-soluble potassium(WSK)in the soil after treatment with three types of potassium fertilizers.The results showed that these three forms of potassium constituted 17.7% to 83.9%,11.1% to 56.0%,and 2.3% to 36.3% respectively.Applying Silicon-based potassium fertilizer(Si-K)raised the content of EK and NEK in the southwest,Huang-huai and northeast by 26.3% and 18.1%,30.8% and 24.5%,and 36.3% and 42.7%,respectively.Grey correlation analysis revealed that the total K,texture,and mineral composition of soil were the primary variables influencing the amount of K extracted by NaBPh4.Field experiment indicated that,compared with 0K,the partial substitution of K_(2)SO_(4) by Si-K could increase tobacco leaf yield(8.7%),and K content(66.6%)while lowering residual K in the soil.In conclusion,Si-K could aid soil K maintenance.Partial substitution of K_(2)SO_(4) by Si-K could increase tobacco quality and quantity.Partial substitution with Si-K merits further study.
作者
李冬雪
刘新源
宋正熊
李豪豪
赵世民
王一柳
郇威威
王火焰
卢殿君
陈小琴
王玉洁
LI Dongxue;LIU Xinyuan;SONG Zhengxiong;LI Haohao;ZHAO Shimin;WANG Yiliu;HUAN Weiwei;WANG Huoyan;LU Dianjun;CHEN Xiaoqin;WANG Yujie(State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Sanmenxia Branch of Henan Province Tobacco Company,Sanmenxia,Henan 472000;Luoyang Branch of Henan Province Tobacco Company,Luoyang,Henan 471023)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2024年第21期84-90,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
中国烟草总公司河南省公司科技项目“豫西烟叶增钾提质根区一次性施肥关键技术研究与机械化应用”(2021410000240017)。
