摘要
采用两步酸浸法浸出赤泥中的钪和钇,用磷酸对赤泥进行一段酸浸,实现脱碱和脱硅并富集稀土金属钪、钇;用硫酸对磷酸浸出渣进行二段酸浸,考察了硫酸浓度、液固比、反应温度、反应时间对钪、钇浸出过程的影响,并进行了浸出动力学分析。结果表明,赤泥经磷酸浸出后,脱碱和脱硅效果较好,K、Na、Si浸出率分别为75.62%、87.82%、80.25%;在硫酸浓度2.5 mol/L、液固比7∶1、反应温度70℃、反应时间45 min条件下进行二段硫酸浸出,Sc、Y平均浸出率分别为74.49%、80.02%。Sc和Y的硫酸浸出过程均符合多相液固区域反应模型,受扩散控制,表观反应活化能分别为18.50 kJ/mol和16.74 kJ/mol。
A two-step acid leaching process was used to leach scandium and yttrium from red mud.Phosphoric acid was used in the first stage of leaching to achieve dealkalization,desilication and enrichment of rare earth elements(scandium and yttrium).Then,the leaching residue was leached with sulfuric acid in the second stage.The effects of sulfuric acid concentration,liquid-solid ratio,reaction temperature and reaction time on the leaching process of scandium and yttrium were investigated,and the leaching kinetics was also analyzed.It is found that leaching of red mud with phosphoric acid can bring better dealkalization and desilication effect,showing the leaching rates of K,Na and Si at 75.62%,87.82%and 80.25%,respectively.Then,in the second stage of leaching process with sulfuric acid concentration of 2.5 mol/L and liquid-solid ratio of 7∶1,reaction runs at 70℃for 45 min,leading to the average leaching rates of Sc and Y up to 74.49%and 80.02%,respectively.It is shown that the leaching processes of Sc and Y with sulfuric acid follow the liquid-solid reaction model,which is controlled by diffusion,and the apparent reaction activation energies are calculated to be 18.50 kJ/mol and 16.74 kJ/mol,respectively.
作者
黄魁
丁艳
唐启桁
李汝桂
单馨可
卢远桓
卢思妍
HUANG Kui;DING Yan;TANG Qiheng;LI Rugui;SHAN Xinke;LU Yuanhuan;LU Siyan(School of Resources,Environment and Materials,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,Guangxi,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection(Guangxi University),Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Nanning 530004,Guangxi,China)
出处
《矿冶工程》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第3期111-115,119,共6页
Mining and Metallurgical Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(21767003)
国家级大学生创新创业训练计划支持项目(202210593083)。
关键词
拜耳法赤泥
酸浸
钪
钇
动力学
磷酸浸出
硫酸浸出
Bayer red mud
acid leaching
scandium
yttrium
kinetics
phosphoric acid leaching
sulfuric acid leaching
