摘要
爆破振动是露天矿山生产过程中常见的爆破公害。为降低爆破振动对矿山固定帮边坡的影响,以乌山铜钼矿为背景,通过理论计算,得出了矿区南矿段花岗岩、北矿段花岗岩、角砾熔岩、次斜长花岗斑岩4种典型岩性预裂孔开裂及贯通时的线装药密度值,并开展典型岩性不同线装药密度的预裂爆破现场试验。结果表明:采用理论计算的线装药密度参数,在预裂缝完全开裂时,4种岩性的测点减振率可分别达到37.15%、43.77%、42.86%、48.36%;且随着预裂缝开裂程度的加剧,测点降振率明显提高;而当预裂缝完全开裂后,开裂程度继续加剧对降振率的提高效应逐渐降低。合理的临帮预裂爆破参数可以有效降低临近固定帮的爆破振动速度,对矿山安全具有重要参考意义。
Blasting vibration is a common blasting hazard in the production process of open-pit mines.In order to reduce the influence of blasting vibration on the fixed slope of the mine,taking Wushan Coppermolybdenum Mine as the background,through theoretical calculation,the linear charge density values of pre-splitting holes in four typical lithology of granite in the south section,granite in the north section,brec⁃cia lava and sub-plagioclase granite porphyry were obtained,and the pre-splitting blasting field tests with different linear charge densities of typical lithology were carried out.The results show that when the precrack is completely cracked,the vibration reduction rates of the measuring points of the four lithology can reach 37.15%,43.77%,42.86%and 48.36%respectively by using the theoretically calculated line charge density parameters.And with the increase of pre-crack cracking degree,the vibration reduction rate of the measuring point is obviously improved.When the pre-crack is completely cracked,the effect of increasing the degree of cracking on the vibration reduction rate is gradually reduced.Reasonable pre-splitting blasting parameters can effectively reduce the blasting vibration velocity near the fixed side,which has important ref⁃erence significance for mine safety.
作者
杨晓光
朱磊
YANG Xiaoguang;ZHU Lei(Inner Mongolia Mining Co.,Ltd.,China National Gold Group;Maanshan Institute of Mining Research Blasting Engineering Co.,Ltd.)
出处
《现代矿业》
CAS
2024年第6期71-73,80,共4页
Modern Mining
关键词
爆破振动
预裂爆破
线装药密度
减振
blast vibration
pre-splitting blasting
linear charge density
vibration reduction
