摘要
旨在探究饲粮不同能量水平对陕北白绒山羊断奶公羔瘤胃发酵特性和菌群结构的影响。选择40只体重[(13.80±1.60)kg]接近的陕北白绒山羊断奶公羔随机分为4组,饲喂消化能水平分别为9.16(Ⅰ组)、9.66(Ⅱ组)、10.16(Ⅲ组)和10.66 MJ·kg^(-1)(Ⅳ组)4种饲粮,所有饲粮的粗蛋白质水平均为11.8%。饲养试验持续60 d,包括7 d预试期和53 d正试期。试验结束后采集所有动物瘤胃液,测定瘤胃发酵参数,提取瘤胃液总DNA,PCR扩增16S rRNA的V3~V4区进行高通量测序及分析。结果显示:1)随着饲粮能量水平的提高,瘤胃液pH、氨态氮(NH3-N)含量和乙酸/丙酸的比值逐渐降低,总挥发性脂肪酸、乙酸和丙酸含量呈现出先增加后降低的变化趋势,微生物菌体蛋白(MCP)、丁酸和戊酸含量逐渐升高;Ⅳ组pH显著低于其他3组(P<0.05),Ⅰ组丙酸含量显著低于Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组(P<0.05),Ⅰ组乙酸/丙酸的比值极显著高于Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组(P<0.01)。2)瘤胃微生物物种多样性结果表明,随着饲粮能量水平的提高,Shannon和Simpson指数逐渐降低,而Chao1、faith_pd和observed_OTUs指数均呈现出先增加后降低的变化趋势,Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组Chao1和observed_OTUs指数均显著高于Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组(P<0.05)。3)对瘤胃微生物的物种组成分析发现,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)是所有试验羊瘤胃优势菌门,且随着饲粮能量水平的提高,拟杆菌门的相对丰度逐渐降低,厚壁菌门和变形菌门的相对丰度逐渐升高。普雷沃氏菌属(Prevotella)和瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus)是所有试验羊瘤胃优势菌属,且随着饲粮能量水平的提高,普雷沃氏菌属相对丰度逐渐降低,而瘤胃球菌属相对丰度极显著升高。4)瘤胃微生物的物种差异性方面:门水平上,Ⅳ组变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度最高,且显著高于其他3组(P<0.05),Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组TM7相对丰度极显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅳ组(P<0.05),Ⅰ组互�
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary energy level on rumen fermentation characteristics and microbial composition of weaned male Shaanbei white cashmere goats.A total of 40 healthy Shaanbei white cashmere goats with similar body weight(approximate(13.80±1.60)kg)were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ).The crude protein(CP)level was 11.8%,and group Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were fed four diets with different digestible energy(DE)of 9.16,9.66,10.16 and 10.66 MJ·kg^(-1),respectively.The feeding experiment lasted for 60 days,including 7 days of pre-experiment and 53 days of formal experiment.At the end of experiment,rumen fluid was collected to investigate rumen fermentation parameters,and total DNA was extracted from rumen fluid.After PCR amplification,high-throughput sequencing and analysis were performed on the V3-V4 regions of 16S rRNA to study the rumen microbial composition.The results were showed as follows:1)As the energy level increasing,pH,ammonia nitrogen(NH 3-N)content,and acetate to propionate ratio of rumen fluid decreased gradually.Total volatile fatty acid,acetate,and propionate content showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,while microbial crude protein(MCP)concentrations,butyrate and valerate content gradually increased;The pH of groupⅣwas significantly lower than the other three groups(P<0.05),the propionate in group Ⅰ was significantly lower than that in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ(P<0.05),and the acetate to propionate ratio in group Ⅰ was extremely significantly higher than that in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ(P<0.01).2)Rumen microbial alpha diversity showed that with the increase of dietary energy levels,the Shannon and Simpson indices gradually decreased,while Chao1、faith_pd and observed_OTUs index showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,with Chao1 and observed_OTUs index in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly higher than that of groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ(P<0.05).3)The analysis of rumen microbial community composition showed
作者
李陇平
李托
曹培文
朱海鲸
张小玲
张宸
肖普辉
董书伟
冯平
屈雷
毕台飞
LI Longping;LI Tuo;CAO Peiwen;ZHU Haijing;ZHANG Xiaoling;ZHANG Chen;XIAO Puhui;DONG Shuwei;FENG Ping;QU Lei;BI Taifei(Shaanxi Province Engineering&Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goat,Yulin University,Yulin 719000,China;College of Life Sciences,Yulin University,Yulin 719000,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Technology Promotion Station in Hengshan District of Yulin City,Hengshan 719199,China;Shaanxi Provincial Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Station,Xi’an 710005,China)
出处
《畜牧兽医学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第7期3011-3023,共13页
ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA
基金
榆林市科技局产学研项目(2023-CXY-174,CXY-2022-54,CXY-2021-87)
陕西省科技厅一般项目-农业领域(S2023-YF-YBNY-0080)。
关键词
陕北白绒山羊
断奶公羔
能量水平
瘤胃发酵特性
瘤胃菌群组成
Shaanbei white cashmere goats
weaned male goats
energy level
rumen fermentation characteristics
composition of rumen microbiota
