摘要
锂硫电池以其超高理论容量和低成本被认为是各种储能设备中最有前途的可充电电池之一。然而,由于硫的固有绝缘性、可溶性多硫化物的穿梭效应、正极体积的膨胀和锂枝晶的形成等一些问题限制了锂硫电池的实际容量。因此研究者们通过多孔碳基材料利用物理方法捕获多硫化物,增强锂硫电池在充放电过程的循环稳定性。但多硫化物与碳之间的相互作用非常弱,所以在多孔碳表面引入一些官能团利用其化学吸附减少锂硫电池在放电过程中的穿梭效应十分必要。因此,本文主要介绍了多孔碳材料的制备合成以及通过引入官能团(杂质单原子、金属氧化物、金属氮化物以及金属硫化物等)来提高锂离子电池性能。并对锂硫电池结构设计提出了展望。
Lithium sulfur batteries are considered one of the most promising rechargeable batteries among various energy storage devices due to their ultra-high theoretical capacity and low cost.However,some issues such as the inherent insulation of sulfur,the shuttle effect of soluble polysulfides,the expansion of positive electrode volume,and the formation of lithium dendrites limit the actual capacity of lithium sulfur batteries.Therefore,researchers use porous carbon based materials to capture polysulfides through physical methods,enhancing the cyclic stability of lithium sulfur batteries during charging and discharging processes.However,the interaction between polysulfides and carbon is very weak,so it is necessary to introduce some functional groups on the surface of porous carbon to use their chemical adsorption to reduce the shuttle effect of lithium sulfur batteries during discharge.Therefore,this article mainly introduces the preparation and synthesis of porous carbon materials,as well as the improvement of lithium-ion battery performance by introducing functional groups such as impurity single atoms,metal oxides,metal nitrides,and metal sulfides.And prospects for the structural design of lithium-sulfur batteries were proposed.
作者
王平
王昊泽
Wang Ping;Wang Haoze(Hefei Kede Surface Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230088,China;Hefei 168 Middle School International Department,Hefei 230601,China)
出处
《广东化工》
CAS
2024年第12期68-71,共4页
Guangdong Chemical Industry
关键词
锂硫电池
正极改性
多孔碳
多硫化锂
官能团
lithium sulfur battery
positive electrode modified
porous carbon
polysulfide lithium
functional group
