摘要
目的分析中山市1~3年级小学生的近视现况、其与主要带养人报告近视的差异,并探索影响报告差异的主要因素,为儿童青少年早期近视的预防控制提供科学依据。方法于2023年5-7月,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取广东省中山市部分小学生进行问卷调查和视力检查。采用χ^(2)检验分析筛查性近视和报告近视的差异,采用二元Logistic回归模型分析影响近视结果报告一致性的因素。结果中山市1~3年级学生总体筛查性近视率为25.3%,父母报告显示1~3年级小学生总体近视率为12.1%,父母总体知晓率为81.1%。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,以1年级为参照,3年级的报告一致率较高,OR值为1.453(95%CI:1.160~1.819);以眼健康素养评分不良为参照,评分一般和评分良好的报告一致率较高,OR值分别为0.524(95%CI:0.423~0.649)和0.379(95%CI:0.293~0.467);以未进行过散瞳验光组为参照,进行过散瞳验光组的报告一致率较高,OR值为0.615(95%CI:0.455~0.831);以父母双方近视为参照,父母双方均不近视的报告一致率较高,OR值为0.669(95%CI:0.514~0.872);以母亲文化程度为小学及以下为参照,母亲文化程度为初中、高中及中专和大专及以上的报告一致率较高,OR值分别为0.514(95%CI:0.322~0.821)、0.355(95%CI:0.222~0.567)和0.313(95%CI:0.195~0.503)。结论眼健康素养评分良好和进行过散瞳验光是影响报告一致性的主要因素,因此未来应加强对父母近视防控的健康教育,提高父母对孩子近视状况的知晓度和报告准确性。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of myopia among primary school students from grade one to grade three in Zhongshan City,and to explore the influencing factors of myopia reporting discrepancies and to provide scientific ba-sis for the prevention and control of early-onset myopia in children and adolescents.Methods From May to July 2023,a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select some primary school students in Zhongshan City of Guangdong Province for questionnaire survey and visual examination.The difference between screened myopia and reported myopia was analyzed byχ^(2)test,and the factors affecting the consistency of myopia results were analyzed by binary logistic regression model.Results The prevalence of myopia identified through systematic screening was 25.3%.In contrast,par-ent-reported prevalence in the same demographic was 12.1%,with an awareness rate among parents of 81.1%.Compared with the first grade,the report consistency rate of the third grade was higher,and the OR value was 1.453(95%CI:1.160-1.819).With poor eye health behavior score as the reference,the consistency rate of general score and good score was higher,and the 0R values were 0.524(95%CI:0.423-0.649)and 0.379(95%Cl:0.293-0.467),respec-tively.Compared with the non-mydriatic optometry group,the consistency rate of the mydriatic optometry group was higher,and the OR value was 0.615(95%Cl:0.455-0.831).Compared with both parents'myopia,the consistent rate of both parents'non-myopia was higher,and the OR value was 0.669(95%CI:0.514-0.872).Taking the mother's education level as primary school and below as the reference,the consistency rate of mother's education level as junior high school,senior high school and technical secondary school and junior college and above was higher,and the OR values were O.514(95%Cl:0.322-0.821),0.355(95%Cl:0.222-0.567)and 0.313(95%CI:0.195-0.503),respective-ly.Conclusion Better eye health literacy score and mydriatic optometry are the main factors affecting the consistency of the
作者
张向林
李婷婷
高振珊
曹钰璇
黄思哲
陶舒曼
伍晓艳
许韶君
陶芳标
ZHANG Xiang-lin;LI Ting-ting;GAO Zhen-shan;CAO Yu-xuan;HUANG Si-zhe;TAO Shu-man;WU Xiao-yan;XU Shao-jun;TAO Fang-biao(Department of Maternal,Child&Adolescent Health,School of Public Health,Anhui Medical University,Hefei230032,China)
出处
《中国健康教育》
北大核心
2024年第6期493-498,共6页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
基金
国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2702100,2021YFC2702105)
国家自然科学基金(82273653)。
关键词
小学生
近视
眼健康行为评分
一致性
Primary school students
Myopia
Eye health behavior score
Consistency
