摘要
探究安全风险兑现规律是灾害事故有效预防的基础,是提升中国式现代化进程中公共安全治理水平的关键。现实中,安全风险的兑现过程存在爆发型、持续型、规模型、复合型四种类型;总体呈现三方面特征:兑现酝酿期致灾因子的风险因素具有偶发性;兑现暴露期承灾环境的风险事件具有动态性;兑现爆发期应灾主体的危机应对具有关联性。基于此,本文从“致灾因子—承灾环境—应灾主体”三个维度,切分“易风险干预层—难风险干预层—非风险干预层”三个层次,提出复合式应对安全风险兑现:一是面向致灾因子实施风险预防,防范安全风险升级恶化为难以或无法风险干预;二是通过应灾主体风险共担,发挥各方优势凝聚应对力量、匹配治理风险;三是针对承灾环境无法干预的情况进行风险规避,通过划定“红线”、设定阈值,推动风险干预前置,同时推进“非—难—易”实时转换的风险干预机制。
Exploring the law of security risk materialization is the basis for effective prevention of disasters and accidents,and is the key to improving public security governance in the process of Chinese modernization.In reality,there are four types of security risk materialization processes,namely explosive materialization,sustained materialization,scale materialization,and compound materialization.They generally exhibit three characteristics:the risk triggering factors during the brewing period of redemption are dynamic;the conversion of risk events during the cash exposure period is dynamic;the trajectory of crisis events during the outbreak period is related.Based on this,in order to achieve a composite response to security risks,this article divides the three dimensions of"disaster causing factors,disaster bearing environment,and disaster response subjects"into three levels"easy risk intervention layer,difficult risk intervention layer,and non risk intervention layer".The first is to implement risk prevention for disaster causing factorsto prevent security risks from escalating and deteriorating into the"difficult risk intervention layer".The second is to leverage the advantages of all parties to gather response forces and match governance risks through risk sharing among disaster respondents.The third is to avoid risks in situations where the disaster environment cannot be intervened,by setting a"red line"and setting thresholds,promote risk intervention in advance.Simultaneously promoting a real time risk intervention mechanism for"non-difficult-easy"conversion.
作者
唐钧
田雯
Tang Jun;Tian Wen
出处
《中共中央党校（国家行政学院）学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第2期79-87,共9页
Journal of The Party School of The Central Committee of The C.P.C（Chinese Academy of Governance）
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目“超大城市转型社区合作共治的生成机制研究”(23AZZ006)。
关键词
安全风险兑现
复合式治理
风险干预
复杂适应系统理论
Security Risk Materialization
Composite Governance
Risk Intervention
Complex Adaptive Systems Theory
