摘要
微震监测技术是在声发射学与地震学的基础上发展起来的一种新型监测技术,主要是通过观测分析微小地震事件来研究其对生产活动的影响。目前微震传感器的安装方法较多,但各有优缺点,需要针对不同的巷道环境提出合适的安装方法。在新集二矿230108工作面使用2种方式安装微震传感器,分别是全锚固锚杆刚性连接安装与钻孔注浆黏连岩壁安装,进行为期一周的微震试验,共采集到553个微震事件。对微震事件进行频域特性分析,发现通道1(全锚固锚杆安装)信号的400 Hz以下频率成分在总频域成分中的占比多数位于45%~75%,平均占比为60%,通道1信号低频成分和高频成分均较为丰富。而通道2(钻孔安装)信号中400 Hz以下频率成分在总频域成分中的占比多数达80%以上,说明高频成分有所丢失。采用锚杆方式安装的传感器采集到的信号能量大于采用钻孔方式安装的传感器,平均真实能量值约为钻孔安装采集信号的7.24倍。采用锚杆安装的传感器采集到的信号信噪比数值在20~50 dB,平均值为27 dB,使用钻孔方式安装的传感器接收信号的信噪比数值多数在5~35 dB,有些甚至为负值,平均值为17 dB,通道1信号的信噪比是通道2的1.6倍。采用锚杆式安装的传感器获得的信号具有频域丰富、信噪比高等特点,信号质量相比于钻孔式安装更高。
Microseismic monitoring technology is a new monitoring technology developed on the basis of acoustic emission and seismology.It mainly studies the impact on production activities through observation and analysis of microseismic events.At present,there are many installation methods for microseismic sensors,but each has its own advantages and disadvantages,and suitable installation methods need to be proposed for different roadway environments.Two methods were used to install microseismic sensors in the No.230108 working face of Xinji No.2 Coal Mine,namely the rigid connection installation of fully anchored anchor rods and the installation of drilling grouting adhesive rock walls.A week long microseismic test was conducted,and a total of 553 microseismic events were collected.By analyzing the frequency domain characteristics of microseismic events,it was found that the frequency components below 400 Hz in channel 1(installation of fully anchored anchor rods)signal mostly accounted for 45%to 75%of the total frequency domain components,with an average proportion of 60%.The low-frequency and high-frequency components of channel 1 signal were relatively rich.The frequency components below 400 Hz in channel 2(installation of drilling)signal accounted for over 80%of the total frequency domain components,indicating a loss of high-frequency components.The signal energy collected by channel 1 was greater than that of channel 2,with an average true energy value of approximately 7.24 times that of channel 2.The signal-to-noise ratio value of the signal collected by the sensor installed with anchor rods ranged from 20 to 50 dB,with an average value of 27 dB.The signal-to-noise ratio value of the signal received by the sensor installed with drilling method was mostly between 5 to 35 dB,and some even negative,with an average value of 17 dB.The signal-to-noise ratio of channel 1 was 1.6 times that of channel 2.The signals obtained from sensors installed with anchor rods had the characteristics of rich frequency domain and high si
作者
张爱华
张明伟
陈付德
田佳豪
徐辉
田壮才
Zhang Aihua;Zhang Mingwei;Chen Fude;Tian Jiahao;Xu Hui;Tian Zhuangcai(Xinji No.2 Coal Mine,China Coal Xinji Energy Co.,Ltd.,Huainan 232001,China;State Key Laboratory for GeoMechanics and Deep Underground Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)
出处
《能源与环保》
2024年第6期223-227,236,共6页
CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41877277)。
关键词
微震传感器
现场监测
安装方式
巷道
microseismic sensors
on-site monitoring
installation method
roadway
