摘要
化学镀镍硼镀层是通过化学镀的表面处理方法在基材表面沉积的一种镍硼合金层。对近20年化学镀以及镍硼镀层的文章发表情况进行了统计,介绍了典型镍硼镀层的沉积过程和不同还原剂下的沉积原理,探讨了还原剂与硼含量对工艺和性能的影响。相比传统制备工艺,如今镍硼镀层的工艺研究有了许多新的进展。近些年来,通过对绿色环保的新型稳定剂和无稳定剂镀液体系的探索、加速剂和表面活性剂的合理使用、等离子体氮化等后处理方法的应用、多层镀层与复合镀层以及三元合金镀层的深入探索,化学镀镍硼的工艺研究发展迅速,其应用范围也在原本对耐磨、耐腐蚀性能需求较高的传统领域之外,拓展出了电子工业、特种材料工业等新兴领域。目前,在化学镀镍的所有镀层中,镍硼镀层的硬度最高,除这些传统性能外,镍硼镀层还具有高反射率、低电阻率和优秀的磁性能。综述了化学镀镍硼镀层在基础理论研究、工艺研究、性能及应用研究3个方面的成果与进展,指出了未来镍硼镀层的再处理再循环工艺、工业化、原料成本等在环保、技术、经济方面可能遇到的一些机遇、挑战和有待改善之处,展望了未来镍硼镀层研究的关注重点和发展趋势。
Electroless nickel-boron coating is a kind of nickel-boron alloy layer deposited on the surface of the substrate by electroless plating surface treatment.Its excellent hardness,wear resistance,corrosion resistance,electrical conductivity and excellent process operability make it used in many fields.In this paper,statistics were made on the publication of articles on electroless plating and nickel-boron coating in the past 20 years.Since the 21st century,with the improvement of material properties in industry,nickel-boron coating has gradually attracted the attention of the scientific community,and the number of articles published on nickel-boron coating in the academic field has increased significantly in the past 20 years.The proportion of articles about nickel-boron coating in the whole field of electroless plating has increased significantly.In this paper,the deposition process of nickel-boron electroless plating and the mechanism of plating with borohydride and boron-nitrogen compound were described by introducing the different morphological characteristics of the substrate at different deposition times and the typical surface morphology of cauliflower.The advantages and disadvantages of Ni-B coating prepared with the above two different reducing agents and the effect of the concentration of reducing agents and the change of boron content on the properties of Ni-B coating were discussed.After a wave of research on nickel-boron coating,in recent years,researchers have replaced the original heavy metal stabilizer by using new environmentally friendly stabilizers or giving up the use of stabilizers to achieve the purpose of green environmental protection.In the use of accelerators and new surfactants,further consideration was also given to how they could be used without causing harm to the environment and life forms.In addition to the use of ultrasonic assistance by technical means,the more suitable plasma nitriding post-treatment method could also replace the traditional heat treatment method to reduce the dama
作者
张雅鑫
袁炜
刘圆敬
黄雄
刘丹
单大勇
ZHANG Yaxin;YUAN Wei;LIU Yuanjing;HUANG Xiong;LIU Dan;SHAN Dayong(School of Physics and Materials Science,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China;Institute of Corrosion Science and Technology,Guangzhou 510530,China;China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 400840,China)
出处
《表面技术》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第14期32-44,共13页
Surface Technology
基金
广州市基础研究计划(SL2022A04J00598)
中核集团领创科研项目(E241070201)。
关键词
化学镀
镍硼合金
文献综述
工艺研究
性能应用
electroless plating
nickel-boron alloy
literature review
process research
performance application
