摘要
麦芽是啤酒酿造的主要原料,麦芽的品质直接影响啤酒产品的质量。为降低法国和加拿大大麦产业出口政策与国际局势动荡等因素对啤酒麦芽带来的质量、价格、供应等方面的不确定性影响,增加更多产地的新品种啤酒麦芽作为战略储备显得十分重要。对产于俄罗斯的大麦品种Despina开展了麦芽理化指标分析、实验室糖化工艺研究(包括蛋白质休止试验、糖化工艺试验、酶制剂添加试验等)及3个不同工厂生产酿造性能测试(以垦啤麦芽为对照)。结果表明:俄罗斯大麦品种Despina麦芽糖化力高(363 WK)、氮源丰富(-氨基氮含量1.73 g/kg)、-葡聚糖含量高(0.83 g/kg),麦芽酵母提前絮凝(premature yeast flocculation,PYF)因子偏低且呈弱阳性,脂肪氧化酶活性较高,理化指标与国产垦啤麦芽整体比较接近,麦汁糖谱与氨基酸谱均略高于后者;糖化工艺方面,Despina麦芽-氨基氮含量与国产垦啤麦、加拿大麦芽Copeland水平相近,麦芽浸出率、碘值也与垦啤麦相近;生产性能测试方面,采用2段糖化工艺,添加-葡聚糖酶300 mg/L,与对照垦啤麦麦芽相比,Despina麦芽糖化过程中头号麦汁浊度略高、发酵液过滤性能较好、老化前驱体较高,而清酒与成品酒指标则差异不大。因此,Despina麦芽酿造过程表现与国产垦啤麦系列麦芽表现比较相似,符合啤酒麦芽的理化指标和酿造性能要求,可替代国产垦啤麦使用。
Malt is the main raw material of beer,and the quality of malt directly affects the quality of beer.In order to reduce the quality,price,supply and other uncertainties brought by the export policies of the barley industry in France and Canada and turbulence in the international situation,it has become very important to find more supply channels and increase the technical reserves of malt with more origin and varieties.In this paper,the analysis of physical and chemical indexes of Russian barley variety Despina,the research of laboratory saccharification process,such as protein resting test,saccharification process test,enzyme addition test,and the production and brewing performance test of three different plants(CK:Kenpi malt)were carried out.The results showed that Despina had high glycation power(363 WK),rich nitrogen source(1.73 g/kg ofα-amino nitrogen content),highβ-glucan content(0.83 g/kg),low and weakly positive premature yeast flocculation(PYF)and higher fat oxidase activity.The physicochemical index of Despina was similar to that of Kenpi,and the glucose and amino acid spectrum were slightly higher than that of Kenpi.In terms of saccharification process,the level ofα-amino nitrogen of Despina malt was similar to that of Kenpi and Copeland,and the malt leaching rate and iodine value were similar to that of Kenpi.In terms of production performance test,through 2-stage saccharification process and addingβ-glucanase 300 mg/L,Despina malt showed higher turbidity of the first wort,better filtration performance of fermentation liquor and higher aging precursor compared with Kenpi malt,while there was no significant difference in sake and finished wine between Despina and Kenpi.Therefore,the brewing performance of Despina malt is similar to that of Kenpi malt,which meets the physical and chemical indexes and brewing performance requirements of beer malt,and can be used as a substitute for Kenpi.
作者
郑波
李庆良
楼雷鸣
赵飞函
孙洁
钟俊辉
ZHENG Bo;LI Qingliang;LOU Leiming;ZHAO Feihan;SUN Jie;ZHONG Junhui(China Resources Snow Beer(China)Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100005,China)
出处
《大麦与谷类科学》
2024年第3期38-49,共12页
Barley and Cereal Sciences
