摘要
【目的】利用黔南州2010—2021年46个自动气象站小时降水资料,研究黔南降水强度(小时雨强)、降水量和降水频次3个指标时空变化特征。【方法】运用天气学与统计学方法进行分析。【结果】黔南汛期降水主要有4个大值中心,位于荔波、都匀、长顺和贵定4个地区,降水量均超过1 100 mm,除荔波外,其余3个地区降水量均占年降水量的80%以上;罗甸以东地区短时强降水发生频次和强度为全州较大区域;相比降水时长,汛期降水受降水强度的影响更强,但局地特征明显。将黔南划分为4个不同的区域,4个区域短时强降水集中出现在下午和上半夜时段,日变化特征仅降水强度呈多峰型,其余2个指标基本表现为单峰型;区域2降水量峰值出现时间最早,区域3降水强度最强;区域4降水量和降水频次最大。【结论】黔南汛期降水大值中心分散,局地特征明显,且大部分地区受降水强度的影响更强;4个区域短时强降水集中出现在下午和上半夜时段,频次和降水峰值自西向东随时间达到最大,降水强度东部最强,持续时间短,西部与东部相反。
Based on the hourly precipitation data of 46 automatic weather stations in QianNan from April to September in 2010—2021,this paper analyzes the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of precipitation intensity,precipitation amount and frequency by using the synoptic and statistical methods.The results show that,during rainy seasons,there are four large-value centers of precipitation located in the four regions of Libo,Duyun,Changshun and Guiding with precipitation all exceeding 1,100 mm.Except for Libo,the precipitation in the other three regions accounts for more than 80%of the annual total precipitation.The frequency and intensity of short-time heavy precipitation in the area east of Luodian are even higher.Compared to the duration of precipitation,the precipitation in rainy season is more affected by the precipitation intensity,and the local characteristics are significant.Divide Qiannan into 4 regions,the short-time heavy precipitation in the four regions is easy to occur in the afternoon and the first half of the night.The diurnal variation characteristics only show a multi-peak precipitation intensity,and the other two indicators are basically of single-peak type.The peak precipitation in Region 2 appears the earliest,and the precipitation intensity in Region 3 is the strongest,while Region 4 has the largest precipitation amount and frequency.In conclusion,the large-value centers of precipitation in the rainy season in QianNan are scattered,with obvious local characteristics.Most areas are affected by precipitation intensity more.The short-time heavy precipitation in the four regions is concentrated in the afternoon and the first half of the night.The frequency and precipitation peak reach the maximum from west to east with time.The precipitation intensity is the strongest in the east,but the lasting time of precipitation is short.The situation in the west is opposite to that in the east.
作者
邓继海
唐红忠
姜军志
陈梅
熊晋
黄皓宇
DENG Jihai;TANG Hongzhong;JIANG Junzhi;CHEN Mei;XIONG Jin;HUANG Haoyu(Kaiyang Meteorological Station of Guizhou Province,Kaiyang 550300,China;Meteorological Office of Bouyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Qiannan of Guizhou Province,Duyun 558000,China;Qianxi Meteorological Office of Guizhou Province,Qianxi 551500,China)
出处
《山地气象学报》
2024年第3期64-68,共5页
Journal of Mountain Meteorology
基金
贵州省气象局科研业务项目(黔气科登[2022]11-09号):黔南汛期小时降雨气候特征分析。
关键词
降水量
降水强度
降水频次
短时强降水
precipitation
precipitation intensity
precipitation frequency
short-time heavy precipitation
