摘要
单位犯罪的责任构造是“合规不起诉”改革的教义学根基。应当根据单位犯罪法定刑配置的规律,发展出整合行为责任与组织责任的类型化责任构造。行为责任旨在证立单位成员的法定刑,组织责任一方面作为证立单位罚金刑的积极要素,一方面作为证立部分罪名调低单位成员法定刑的消极要素。单罚制单位犯罪系行为责任的单一式构造,双罚制单位犯罪系“行为责任+组织责任”的复合式构造。类型化责任构造一方面可以通过否定组织责任取消单位罚金刑的科予,实现“单不起诉”的阶段性改革目标,另一方面可以通过增加论证负担,回应“单位犯罪作为辩护事由”的实践难题。通过阶层式的审查步骤,可确保单位犯罪认定的全面性与效率性。
The responsibility structure of unit crime is the doctrinal foundation of the reform of"Compliance Non-Prosecution".According to the rule of statutory penalty of unit crime,we should develop a typed responsibility structure that integrates behavioral responsibility and or-ganizational responsibility.Behavioral responsibility aims to establish the legal punishment of u-nit members,and organizational responsibility on the one hand acts as a positive element of es-tablishing the fine penalty of unit itself,on the other hand acts as a negative element of reduc-ing the legal punishment of unit members for some crimes.The unit crime of single punishment system is a single structure of behavioral responsibility,and the unit crime of double punish-ment system is a compound structure of"behavioral responsibility+organizational responsibili-ty".On the one hand,the type of responsibility structure can realize the phased reform goal of"single non-prosecution"by negating the organization responsibility and canceling the unit fine penalty.On the other hand,it can respond to the practical problem of"unit crime as a de-fense"by increasing the burden of argumentation.Through hierarchical examination steps,the comprehensiveness and efficiency of unit crime identification can be ensured.
出处
《荆楚法学》
2024年第2期91-102,共12页
Jingchu Law Review
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“轻罪化立法背景下罪量要素的体系与功能研究”(项目编号:22CFX013)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
单位犯罪
企业合规
以刑释罪
类型化责任
阶层式审查
Unit Crime
Enterprise Compliance
Interpretation of a Crime by Punishment
Typed Structure
Hierarchical Examination
