摘要
考察发现,现代汉语中“他年”类词语已经失去了表达过去时间的功能,仅能用来表达将来时间。现有的一些工具书在相关词条的释义上并未严格区分这类词语在共时层面上所显现出来的变化,导致在释义上出现了一些偏差。从历时层面看,这类词语早期兼有表达过去时间和将来时间两种用法,隋唐五代之后逐渐向表达将来时间倾斜,到清代这一类词语的语义调整已基本完成。促使这类词语语义表达调整的原因是多方面的:内因主要是这类词语自身就蕴含着“将来”的语义特征,在叙述者视角转换以及白话通俗文学作品的传播推广等外在因素的影响下共同促成了这类词语的语义调整。
Through the investigation of large-scale corpus,it has been found that in modern Chinese,"tanian(他年)"and some similar structures have lost the function of expressing past time and can only be used to express future time.Some of the existing reference books do not strictly distinguish the changes in the interpretation of the relevant terms at the synchronic level,resulting in some deviations in their interpretation.From a diachronic perspective,this kind of words used to express past time and future time at the early stage.After Sui,Tang and the Five Dynasties,they gradually inclined to express future time.In the Qing Dynasty,the semantic adjustment of this kind of words was basically completed.There are many reasons for the adjustment of the semantic expression of these words.Among them,the internal factor is that these words contain the semantic characteristics of"the future".Together with such external factors as the shift of the narrator's perspective and the spread and promotion of vernacular popular literature,they contributed to the semantic adjustment of these words.
作者
张言军
唐贤清
ZHANG Yan-jun;TANG Xian-qing(School of Liberal Arts,Xinyang Normal University,Xinyang,Henan,46400;Liberal Arts of Hunan Normal University,Changsha,Hunan,410081)
出处
《新疆大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
北大核心
2024年第4期149-156,共8页
Journal of Xinjiang University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“现代汉语正式语体特征变迁的计量分析研究(1919—1949)”(18CYY051)
河南省哲学社会科学规划项目“汉语双音时间词的词汇化及其时域指称的历时演变研究”(2023BYY016)
河南省高等学校哲学社会科学基础研究重大项目“汉语双音时间词的词汇化及其时域指称的历时演变研究”(2024-JCZD-04)。
关键词
他年
语义表达
历时演变
发展动因
Tanian
Semantic Expression
Diachronic Evolution
Development Motivation 156
