摘要
为探讨全膜覆盖下滴灌量对河西灌区青贮玉米光合特性及产量的影响,以甘肃省河西灌区W_(1)(节水30%)、W_(2)(节水20%)、W_(3)(节水10%)、W_(4)(传统灌水)4种滴灌处理下青贮玉米为研究对象,分析不同滴灌处理下青贮玉米关键生育期光合生理特性、水分利用效率及产量的变化特征。结果表明:①除拔节期外,W_(3)、W_(4)处理下青贮玉米叶片净光合速率(P_(n))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))和气孔导度(G_(s))均显著高于W_(1)和W_(2)处理(P<0.05),而W_(3)和W_(4)处理间无显著差异。②抽雄期至成熟期,W_(1)、W_(2)处理下青贮玉米叶片光合水分利用效率(WUE)显著高于W_(3)和W_(4)处理(P<0.05),但拔节期内,W_(3)处理下青贮玉米WUE显著高于其他处理。③在不同生育期、不同滴灌处理下,青贮玉米叶片的P_(n)、T_(r)、G_(s)和胞间CO_(2)浓度(C_(i))都呈现明显的光合日变化特征;W_(3)、W_(4)处理下各光合特征的日变化幅度、峰高、峰值与W_(1)和W_(2)处理之间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。④与W_(1)和W_(2)处理相比,W_(3)和W_(4)处理显著增加青贮玉米茎重、穗重及生物产量(P<0.05),但相对于W_(3)处理而言,W_(4)处理对青贮玉米产量及其构成因素的影响并不显著。综合青贮玉米产量与光合特性、水分利用效率的表现,在全膜覆盖的传统施肥条件下,滴灌量在5535 m^(3)/hm^(2)时青贮玉米的产量最佳。
In order to explore the effect of drip irrigation amount with full film mulching on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of silage maize in Hexi irrigation area,the silage maize under four irrigation treatments of W_(1)(water saving 30%),W_(2)(water saving 20%),W_(3)(water saving 10%)and W_(4)(traditional irrigation)in Hexi irrigation area of Gansu Province was taken as the research object.The photosynthetic physiological characteristics,water use efficiency yield and yield changes of silage maize under different drip irrigation treatments were analyzed.The results showed that:①With the exception of the jointing stage,the net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),transpiration rate(T_(r))and stomatal conductance(G_(s))of silage maize leaves under W_(3) and W_(4) treatments were significantly higher compared to W_(1) and W_(2) treatments(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference between W_(3) and W_(4) treatments.②From tasseling stage to maturity stage,the photosynthetic water use efficiency(WUE)of silage maize leaves under W_(1) and W_(2) treatments was significantly higher than that of W_(3) and W_(4) treatments(P<0.05).But during the jointing stage,the WUE of silage maize under W_(3) treatment was significantly higher than that of other treatments.③P_(n),T_(r),G_(s) and intercellular CO_(2) concentration(Ci)of silage maize leaves showed obvious diurnal variation characteristics of photosynthesis under different growth stages and different drip irrigation treatments.The diurnal variation amplitude,peak height and peak value of photosynthetic characteristics under W_(3) and W_(4) treatments were significantly different from those under W_(1) and W_(2) treatments(P<0.05).④Compared to W_(1) and W_(2) treatments,W_(3) and W_(4) treatments significantly increased the stem weight,ear weight and biological yield of silage maize(P<0.05).However,compared to W_(3) treatment,W_(4) treatment had no significant effect on the yield and its components of silage maize.Comprehensive silage maize yield and photosynthet
作者
张建喜
李广
王钰煐
张武清
ZHANG Jian-xi;LI Guang;WANG Yu-ying;ZHANG Wu-qing(College of Forestry,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2024年第7期33-43,52,共12页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
甘肃省高等学校产业支撑项目(2021CYZC-15)
甘肃省高等学校产业支撑项目(2022CYZC-41)
甘肃省重点研究发展计划(22YF7FA116)
甘肃省财政专项(GSCZZ-20160909)。
关键词
滴灌量
青贮玉米
光合特性
水分利用效率
产量
全膜覆盖
drip irrigation volume
silage maize
photosynthetic characteristics
water use efficiency
yield
full film cover
