摘要
【目的】研究广西北部湾不同地区红树蚬(Geloina coaxans)软体部营养成分差异,为红树蚬的养殖和育种提供数据支撑。【方法】对广西北部湾北海、钦州、防城港3个地区的红树蚬软体部,采用生化分析手段测定其常规营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸含量,并进行品质评价。【结果】在常规营养成分方面,防城港红树蚬软体部水分质量分数最高,北海红树蚬软体部的总糖和灰分质量分数最高(P<0.05),并且北海红树蚬粗脂肪的质量分数低于钦州红树蚬(P<0.05)。在氨基酸方面,3个地区红树蚬软体部分检测出15种氨基酸,必需氨基酸总质量/氨基酸总质量(m_(EAA)/m_(TAA))和必需氨基酸总质量/非必需氨基酸总质量(m_(EAA)/m_(NEAA))分别在27.55%~28.22%和46.28%~48.23%之间,其比值偏低,但较均衡;呈味氨基酸总质量/氨基酸总质量(m_(FAA)/m_(TAA))为45.85%~46.35%,且必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)介于53.19~86.13之间,防城港红树蚬软体部的m_(TAA)、m_(EAA)、m_(FAA)均为最高(P<0.05),并且其EAAI评分最高。在脂肪酸方面,共检测出26种脂肪酸,其中包括9种饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、7种单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和10种多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA),防城港和钦州红树蚬软体部中二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)含量较高。【结论】广西北海、防城港、钦州的红树蚬均为蛋白质含量高、脂肪含量低、营养均衡的优质贝类。其氨基酸种类多,组成比例合理,必需氨基酸、呈味氨基酸含量丰富,可作为天然调味品资源予以研究。其富含单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸等脂肪酸,可作为富含脂肪酸的营养食品原料。3个地区中,防城港红树蚬的蛋白质营养价值更高,氨基酸均衡性更好,可以更好满足人体对必需氨基酸的需求。
【Objective】To understand the differences in nutritional composition of Geloina coaxans in different areas in the Beibu Gulf of Guangxi,to provide data for the breeding and selection breeding of G.coaxans.【Method】By means of biochemical analysis,the contents of conventional nutrients,amino acids and fatty acids were measured,and the quality evaluation was conducted.【Result】The findings indicate that in terms of conventional nutrients,the soft tissues of G.coaxans from Fangchenggang exhibited the highest water content,while those from Beihai had the highest levels of total sugar and ash(P<0.05),with crude fat content being lower than that of the clams from Qinzhou(P<0.05).Amino acid analysis revealed the presence of 15 different amino acids in the soft tissues of the clams from all three regions.The ratios of total essential amino acids mass to total amino acids mass(m_(EAA)/m_(TAA))and total essential amino acids mass to total non-essential amino acids mass(m_(EAA)/m_(NEAA))ranged from 27.55%to 28.22%and from 46.28%to 48.23%,respectively,which are relatively low but well-balanced.The flavor-enhancing amino acid content to total amino acid content ratio(m_(FAA)/m_(TAA))was between 45.85%and 46.35%,and the essential amino acid index(EAAI)ranged from 53.19 to 86.13,with the soft tissues of the clams from Fangchenggang showing the highest levels of m_(TAA)(P<0.05),m_(EAA)(P<0.05),m_(FAA)(P<0.05),and EAAI.In terms of fatty acid composition,a total of 26 fatty acids were identified,including 9 saturated fatty acids(SFA),7 monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA),and 10 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA),with higher levels of eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)found in the soft tissues of the clams from Fangchenggang and Qinzhou.【Conclusion】The Beihai G.coaxans exhibit high protein and low fat nutrition,and may have better palatability,while the Fangchenggang G.coaxans group has a higher essential amino acid balance,which can better meet the needs of essential amino acids.The G.coaxans from Be
作者
孙若鹏
杨宾兰
刘康
卢玉典
莫飞龙
严雪瑜
韦玲静
SUN Ruopeng;YANG Binlan;LIU Kang;LU Yudian;MO Feilong;YAN Xueyu;WEI Lingjing(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation/College of Marine Sciences,Beibu Gulf University,Qinzhou 535011,China;Aquatic Species Introduction and Breeding Center of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Nanning 530031,China)
出处
《广东海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第4期63-70,共8页
Journal of Guangdong Ocean University
基金
2022年广西农业科技自筹经费项目(Z202259)。
关键词
红树蚬
营养成分
氨基酸
脂肪酸
Geloina coaxans
nutritional composition
amino acids
fatty acid
