摘要
大规模储能设备的快速发展对锂离子电池的能量密度提出了更高要求,负极材料作为锂离子电池的重要组成部分,对电池的性能提升起着关键作用。但目前商用电池负极以导电性能良好的石墨类材料为主,其普遍存在能量密度低、倍率性能差等缺点。而新一代硅碳负极尽管可以提升负极比容量,却仍存在多种问题,包括体积膨胀、倍率性能差、循环寿命短等。因此,开发新型负极材料以实现具有更高能量密度、更长循环寿命和更优异倍率特性的锂离子电池十分重要。高电压静电纺丝作为一种制备柔性纳米纤维的常用方法,用其制备柔性负极材料有望提高电池的能量密度并解决其他相关问题,具有极大的发展前景。因此,本文综述了静电纺丝在制备关键锂离子电池负极材料的设计策略和研究进展,包括碳基、钛基、硅基、锡基以及其他金属化合物,并对未来电纺负极材料的发展方向进行了展望。
The rapid advancement of large-scale energy storage devices has spurred the need for research focused on achieving higher energy density in lithium-ion batteries.Within this context,anode materials,which are crucial components of lithium-ion batteries,play a critical role in attaining enhanced energy density.Unfortunately,commercially available graphite anodes suffer from limitations such as low theoretical capacity,poor rate capability,and a low voltage plateau.Consequently,there is an urgent requirement to develop alternative anode materials that can meet these demands.Electrospinning has emerged as a popular method for fabricating electrode materials due to its simplicity,cost-effectiveness,and ability to produce flexible nanofibers.This technique offers several advantages,including the ability to tailor nanomaterials with diverse morphologies by adjusting key parameters.Furthermore,electrospinning enables the creation of nanomaterials with large specific surface areas,high mechanical strength,flexibility,and self-supporting properties.Consequently,it has garnered significant interest in the field of anode material preparation for lithium-ion batteries.This paper aims to provide an overview of the research progress in utilizing electrospinning for the preparation of anode materials in lithium-ion batteries.It covers various categories of anode materials,including carbon-based,titanium-based,silicon-based,tin-based,and other metallic compound materials.Additionally,the paper outlines the future directions and potential advancements in the development of electrospun anode materials.By exploring the applications of electrospinning in anode material preparation,this paper contributes to the understanding and advancement of lithium-ion battery technology,offering insights into the potential of electrospinning as a versatile and effective technique for enhancing anode performance.
作者
马思畅
李东阳
徐睿
Sichang Ma;Dongyang Li;Rui Xu(School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《化学进展》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期757-770,共14页
Progress in Chemistry
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.52102204)资助。
关键词
锂离子电池
静电纺丝
负极材料
碳基
钛基
硅基
锡基
金属化合物
lithium ion batteries
electrospinning
anode materials
carbon-based
titanium-based
silicon-based
tin-based
metallic compounds
