摘要
高速列车转向架在高寒风雪地区存在积雪结冰问题,影响列车的安全运行和运行稳定性能。为了解决高速动车组转向架区域的积雪结冰问题,以保证高速列车运行安全,提高列车冬季运行品质,提出基于流场控制的导流板结构,并针对简化的车体和转向架模型,采用三维雷诺时均Realizable k-ε湍流模型,耦合离散相模型(DPM)进行数值仿真,通过试验验证的湍流计算模型,模拟高速动车组转向架区域流场和雪粒分布情况,明确高速列车转向架区域积雪结冰成因,并分析导流板优化结构对防治积雪结冰的效果。研究结果表明:原始工况中,转向架区域气流速度较高,转向架表面压力较大,安装在前侧的导流板结构,能够有效地改变进入转向架区域的气流流向,降低转向架上方的气流速度,减轻气流对转向架底部表面的气流冲击,降低转向架周围的雪粒分布范围,减少转向架表面的粒子黏附数量。其中,对于第1台转向架,雪花黏附数量相对于原始工况依次减少22.56%、52.15%;对于第2台转向架,雪花黏附数量相对于原始工况依次减少48.50%、49.59%;对于第3台转向架,雪花黏附数量相对于原始工况依次减少50.03%、49.70%。但沿着列车运行方向,导流板的作用减弱。今后将研究真实编组的工况以进一步判断导流板的作用,并开展原理样机的相关试验工作。
The bogies of high-speed trains(HSTs)suffer the accumulated snow and ice issues,which greatly influences operating safety and stability.In order to solve the problem of snow accumulation on the bogies of HSTs,a deflector structure based on the flow field control method was proposed to confirm the safety and quality of the HSTs’operation.The simplified train body and bogie model were used to simulate the flow field and snow particle distribution on the bogie.The 3D Reynolds-Averaged Realizable k-εturbulence model was coupled with the Discrete Phase Model(DPM)and verified by wind tunnel tests.The cause of the accumulated snow and ice in the bogie region was clarified,and the effectiveness of the deflector in preventing snow and ice further analyzed.The results show that the front deflector structure can effectively change the direction of the airflow entering the bogie area,decrease the airflow speed above the bogie,relieve the impact of the airflow on the bottom surface of the bogie,and reduce the distribution and the amount of snow particles around the bogie.Compared with the original condition,for the first bogie,the amount of snow particles decrease by 22.56%and 52.15%sequentially;for the second bogie,the amount of snow particles decrease by 48.50%and 49.59%sequentially;and for the third bogie,the amount of snow particles decrease by 50.03%and 49.70%sequentially.However,along the direction of the train,the effect of the deflector is weakened,so the actual grouping conditions and the experimental work for the model machine will be studied in the future.
作者
田金刚
邓海
张怀强
刘涛
王家斌
高广军
TIAN Jingang;DENG Hai;ZHANG Huaiqiang;LIU Tao;WANG Jiabin;GAO Guangjun(China Railway Harbin Group Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 150006,China;CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130062,China;The State Key Laboratory of Heavy-duty and Express High-power Electric Locomotive,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education,School of Traffic&Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)
出处
《铁道科学与工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第6期2151-2161,共11页
Journal of Railway Science and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(52202429)
湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2023JJ40747)。
