摘要
环境控制(简称环控)与生命保障系统(简称生保)作为载人航天器(或载人空间平台/基地)的分系统,直接关系到航天员的身体健康与安全,是载人航天的关键系统,也是区别于不载人航天器的根本所在。本文简介载人航天环控与生保技术发展与标准现状,概述ISO标准、MCB标准和ECSS标准相关内容,针对我国现状,提出以下建议:借鉴国外经验,从用户及应用角度出发,围绕环控生保两大任务及技术要素进行标准体系策划;标准项目去型号化,重点规定技术要求以及接口;采用谁使用就由谁主导制定标准的原则,充分满足用户使用需求。
The Environmental Control and Life Support System(ECLSS),a critical subsystem of manned spacecraft(or manned space platforms/bases),is directly related to the physical health and safety of astronauts.It is essential in manned spaceflight and distinguishes it from unmanned spacecraft.This paper introduces the development and current standards of environmental control and life support technology in manned spaceflight,summarizing the content of relevant ISO standards,MCB standards,and ECSS standards.Given China's current situation,this paper proposes the following recommendations,that we shall draw from foreign experiences,plan the standard system from the standpoints of users and real-world applications,prioritize the two major tasksenvironmental control and life supportand their technical factors;de-model the design of standard projects,focus on specifying technical requirements and interfaces;adopt the principle of"The ones who use the standards should be the one leading the development"to fully meet users"needs.
作者
朱明新
泉浩芳
ZHU Mingxin;QUAN Haofang(China Aerospace Standardization and Product Assurance Institute,Beijing100071)
出处
《航天标准化》
2024年第1期45-52,共8页
Aerospace Standardization
