摘要
海洋高分辨小道距地震探测方法具有高精度、作业方式灵活、适应区域广等优势,在浅表天然气水合物高精度识别、近海底地层层序确定方面都有广泛应用。基于现阶段研发设备的固有问题,原始地震数据的信噪比低、成像品质差。针对小道距高分辨率电缆固有的背景噪声严重、沉放深度和主频高引起的虚反射严重、电缆姿态不稳导致信号反射时间-距离不符合双曲线变化规律等问题,采用“叠前多域噪声压制技术”“基于F-K鬼波压制技术”“基于相干函数控制的电缆等浮校正技术”等关键手段,逐步质控,处理后的地震剖面信噪比高、波组特征清楚、地层反射连续性好,能满足浅层地质构造特征识别及地层层序划分的需求。
The marine high-resolution short-offset seismic detection methodology has some significant benefits including high precision,adaptable operation techniques,and extensive adaptability,making it particularly effective for high-precision identification of shallow gas hydrates and delineation of near-seabed stratigraphic sequences.Due to inherent limitations of currently available research and development equipments,the original seismic data has obvious weakness such as a low signal-to-noise ratio and subpar imaging quality.Key challenges include severe background noise,significant ghost reflections induced by cable immersion depth and dominant frequency,and a lack of adherence to hyperbolic variation rules for signal reflection time-distance due to unstable cable positioning.To address these issues,we utilize key methodologies such as"pre-stack multi-domain noise suppression technology","F-K ghost wave suppression technique",and"cable floating correction technology based on coherence function control".With successive iterations,the processed seismic sections display an improved signal-to-noise ratio,distinct wave group features,and strong continuity in formation reflections,sufficiently meeting the requirements for shallow geological structure identification and stratigraphic sequence division.
作者
颜中辉
杨传胜
王小杰
刘鸿
杨睿
刘欣欣
李海龙
YAN Zhonghui;YANG Chuansheng;WANG Xiaojie;LIU Hong;YANG Rui;LIU Xinxin;LI Hailong(Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology,China Geological Survey,Qingdao 266237,China;Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources,Laoshan Laboratory,Qingdao 266237,China)
出处
《海洋科学进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期501-514,共14页
Advances in Marine Science
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42106208、 41706072和42006068)
崂山实验室科技创新项目(LSKJ202203401)
山东省自然科学面上基金项目(ZR2021MD118)
关键词
小道距地震探测
低信噪比
电缆等浮校正
噪声压制
鬼波效应
small group interval
low signal-to-noise ratio
cable floating correction
noise suppression
ghost reflection
