摘要
以努鲁儿虎山自然保护区草灌、灌木、灌乔、乔木4个演替阶段的植物群落为对象,研究该区域物种多样性、土壤理化性质及其相关性。结果表明:沿进展演替方向,群落的物种多样性指数总体呈先上升后下降再上升的波动趋势,在灌乔阶段降至最低。不同演替阶段各层次物种多样性指数均为草本层最高。沿进展演替方向,草灌阶段土壤密度最大;有机质、全氮、全钾、速效钾质量分数呈上升趋势;全磷及有效磷质量分数呈先上升后下降的趋势,各因子均在草灌阶段最低。灌木、灌乔、乔木阶段,土壤粉粒及黏粒占比呈上升趋势。不同演替阶段土壤密度随着土壤深度增加而增加,孔隙度则呈减小的趋势。相关性分析表明,灌木层仅丰富度指数与速效钾质量分数呈显著正相关;草本层均匀度指数与有机质、全钾质量分数呈显著正相关,与土壤密度显著负相关;丰富度指数与黏粒质量分数呈显著负相关。森林培育时,应构建完整的草本、灌木和乔木层片,调控不同演替阶段的物种数量和养分含量,以提高群落稳定性,保护群落结构及物种多样性。
Using the plant communities at four successional stages(grass⁃shrub,shrub,shrub⁃arbor and arbor)in the Nuluerhu Mountain Nature Reserve as the study subjects,we investigated the species diversity,soil physicochemical properties,and their correlations in the region.The results showed that along the successional gradient,the overall trend of species diversi⁃ty indices in the communities fluctuated,initially increasing,then decreasing before rising again,with the lowest point reached in the shrub⁃arbor stage.The species diversity indices were highest in the herbaceous layer at different successional stages.With the development of succession,Soil density was highest in the grass⁃shrub stage,while organic matter,total nitrogen,total potassium,and available potassium mass fractions showed an increasing trend.Total phosphorus and availa⁃ble phosphorus mass fractions showed an initial increase followed by a decrease,with all factors being lowest in the grass⁃shrub stage.The proportions of fine particles and clay in the soil increased in the shrub,shrub⁃arbor and arbor stages.Soil density increased with depth in different successional stages,while porosity showed a decreasing trend.Correlation analysis indicated that in the shrub layer,only the richness index was significantly positively correlated with the mass fraction of available potassium.In the herbaceous layer,the evenness index was significantly positively correlated with organic matter and total potassium mass fractions,as well as negatively correlated with soil density.The richness index was significantly negatively correlated with clay mass fraction.In forest cultivation,it is recommended to establish complete herbaceous,shrub,and arbor layers,regulate the species composition and nutrient content at different successional stages to enhance community stability,protect community structure,and promote species diversity.
作者
荆烁
林阳
刘利恒
王世忠
步兆东
胡志宝
Jing Shuo;Lin Yang;Liu Liheng;Wang Shizhong;Bu Zhaodong;Hu Zhibao(Liaoning Institute of Dryland Agriculture and Forestry,Chaoyang 122000,P.R.China;Forestry and Grassland Affairs Service Center of Chaoyang City)
出处
《东北林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第8期105-109,133,共6页
Journal of Northeast Forestry University
基金
辽宁省农业科学院农业绿色高质量发展科技创新专项(2021HQ1914)。
关键词
辽宁努鲁儿虎山
自然保护区
演替
物种多样性
土壤理化性质
Nuluerhu mountain of Liaoning
Nature reserve
Succession
Species diversity
Soil physicochemical properties
