摘要
【目的】基于金龟子类害虫种类繁多、危害严重的现状以及农业对具有生态友好、可持续治理特点的生物防治的迫切需求,研究布氏白僵菌(Beauveria brongniartii)菌株JG-17对我国3种重要金龟子幼虫和成虫的毒力,为金龟子生防制剂的研发提供优良的菌种资源。【方法】采用稀释挑取法和病原菌回接法,在感病金龟子成虫虫尸上分离获得高毒力病原真菌;通过形态学与rDNA-ITS基因序列分析确定菌株JG-17的分类地位;采用十字交叉测量法和血球计数板法测定不同温度下菌株JG-17的生长速率和产孢量;采用浸渍法测定菌株JG-17对华北大黑鳃金龟(Holotrichia oblita)、暗黑鳃金龟(Holotrichia parallela)和铜绿丽金龟(Anomala corpulenta)成虫和幼虫的毒力;通过盆栽试验测定菌株JG-17对暗黑鳃金龟2龄幼虫的防治效果。【结果】分离获得一株对3种金龟子成虫和幼虫同时具有较高毒力的白僵菌菌株JG-17,结合形态学和rDNA分子鉴定结果,确定菌株JG-17为布氏白僵菌。25—29℃为JG-17的适宜生长温度,生长速率均在4 mm·d^(-1)以上,27℃下,JG-17的生长速率和产孢量最高。JG-171×10^(8)个孢子/mL处理浓度下,华北大黑鳃金龟、铜绿丽金龟和暗黑鳃金龟成虫13 d累计死亡率分别为78.0%、100.0%和86.0%,LT_(50)分别为9.458、6.911和8.391 d。相同处理浓度下,JG-17对暗黑鳃金龟幼虫的毒力高于铜绿丽金龟和华北大黑鳃金龟,1×10^(8)个孢子/mL浓度下,华北大黑鳃金龟、铜绿丽金龟和暗黑鳃金龟1龄幼虫13 d的累计死亡率分别为76.7%、96.7%和100.0%,2龄幼虫13 d的累计死亡率分别为66.7%、36.7%和100.0%;不同孢子浓度下,对暗黑鳃金龟1龄和2龄幼虫的LT50均明显低于铜绿丽金龟和华北大黑鳃金龟。盆栽试验中,相同施用剂量下,中耕期淋灌处理的暗黑鳃金龟幼虫死亡率与沟施处理的幼虫死亡率差异不显著,播种前撒施方式下取得相近的防治效果
【Objective】Based on the current situation of the wide variety and serious damage of scarabs,and the urgent demand of agriculture for biological control with eco-friendly and sustainable management,the virulence of Beauveria brongniartii strain JG-17 to the larvae and adults of three important scarabs in China was studied in order to provide excellent microbial resources for the research and development of scarabs biological control agents.【Method】A high virulence fungus strain was isolated from the infected adult scarab cadavers by spore dilution method and re-inoculation experiment.The taxonomic status of strain JG-17 was determined by morphology and rDNA-ITS gene sequence analysis.The growth rate and sporulation of strain JG-17 at different culture temperatures were measured by cross method and hemocytometer method.The virulence of strain JG-17 to the adults and larvae of Holotrichia oblita,Holotrichia parallela and Anomala corpulenta was determined by immersion method and the control efficacy against the 2nd instar larvae of H.parallela was determined by peanut pot experiment.【Result】A strain of Beauveria JG-17,which caused high virulence against adults and larvae of three scarabs,was isolated from the naturally infected scarabs adult.Strain JG-17 was identified as B.brongniartii combined with the morphological and molecular identification results.25-29℃is the optimal growth temperature for strain JG-17,and the growth rate is greater than 4 mm·d^(-1).The growth rate and sporulation of strain JG-17 are the highest at 27℃.The cumulative mortality at 13 d of the adults of H.oblita,A.corpulenta and H.parallela treated with 1×10^(8) spores/mL of strain JG-17 spore suspension was 78.0%,100.0%and 86.0%with the LT_(50) values of 9.458,6.911 and 8.391 d,respectively.At the same treatment concentration,the virulence of JG-17 to the larvae of H.parallela was higher than that of A.corpulenta and H.oblita.At the 1×10^(8) spores/mL of JG-17 concentration treatment,the cumulative mortality at 13 d of the 1
作者
曹伟平
丰硕
程佳旭
陈丹
吴青君
宋健
CAO WeiPing;FENG Shuo;CHENG JiaXu;CHEN Dan;WU QingJun;SONG Jian(Plant Protection Institute,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/IPM Innovation Center of Hebei Province/International Science and Technology Joint Research Center on IPM of Hebei Province,Baoding 071000,Hebei;Institute of Vegetable and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding,Beijing 100081)
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第12期2364-2377,共14页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家特色蔬菜产业技术体系(CARS-24-C-02)
河北省农林科学院科技创新专项课题(2022KJCXZX-ZBS-6)
河北省重点研发计划(21326505D)。
关键词
布氏白僵菌
金龟子
幼虫
成虫
分离鉴定
毒力
Beauveria brongniartii
scarab beetle
larva
adult
isolation and identification
virulence
