摘要
糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)是一种以高血糖为主要特征的慢性代谢性疾病,由胰岛素抵抗或胰岛素分泌异常引起,因胰岛β细胞的破坏导致患者持续高血糖,可诱导多发性神经病变等并发症,患病率与死亡率均较高。牙髓干细胞(dental pulp stem cells,DPSCs)获取容易,具有自我更新、多向分化及高度增殖的能力,可被诱导分化为胰岛β细胞参与胰岛素分泌和免疫调节,在慢性疾病的治疗中取得了一定成果。此外,DPSCs还可通过抑制自身免疫、调节炎症及抗氧化应激等途径改善1型糖尿病患者症状。本文综述了DPSCs的生物学特性并探究其通过对DM及其并发症治疗不同机制,以期完善DM管理。
Diabetes mellitus(DM)stands as a chronic metabolic ailment predominantly characterized by elevated blood glucose levels,stemming from either a resistance to insulin or aberrations in insulin secretion.The ensuing persistent hyperglycemia,a direct consequence of pancreaticβ-cell devastation,acts as a catalyst for a myriad of complications,inclusive of extensive neuropathies.The disease has substantial prevalence and mortality rates,underscoring the gravity of its impact on public health.Dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs)are readily obtainable,and they exhibit a profound capacity for self-renewal,multi-lineage differentiation,and vigorous proliferation.Remarkably,DPSCs can differentiate into pancreaticβ-cells,subsequently participate in insulin secretion and play a pivotal role in immune modulation.This has achieved notable advancements in the therapeutic domain,particularly in the treatment of chronic diseases.Furthermore,DPSCs harbor the potential to mitigate symptoms in patients afflicted with type 1 diabetes.They navigate this therapeutic pathway through mechanisms that involve suppressing autoimmunity,modulating inflammatory responses,and counteracting oxidative stress.This article meticulously reviews the biological characteristics inherent to DPSCs and explores their multifaceted therapeutic potential in addressing DM and its associated complications.Through this endeavor,the article aims to contribute to the refinement and enhancement of DM management strategies.
作者
黄蔼岚
郭培培
陆晓庆
吴锦涛
李泽汉
徐秀清
王娟
周莉丽
HUANG Ailan;GUO Peipei;LU Xiaoqing;WU Jintao;LI Zehan;XU Xiuqing;WANG Juan;ZHOU Lili(Department of Oral Medicine,School of Stomatology,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029,China)
出处
《口腔医学》
CAS
2024年第6期452-457,共6页
Stomatology
基金
国家自然科学基金(82201024)
中华口腔医学会青年科研基金树脂材料研究项目(CSA-R2018-10)。
关键词
牙髓干细胞
糖尿病
胰岛素
并发症
免疫调节
dental pulp stem cells
diabetes mellitus
insulin
complication
immunoregulation
