摘要
铝颗粒的加入可以有效提高固体推进剂的能量特性,但也带来了两相流比冲损失、熔渣沉积和喷管烧蚀加剧等消极影响,因此,对固体火箭发动机最终凝相产物特性展开研究对评估和提升固体火箭发动机性能具有重要意义。以燃烧终产物为主要研究对象,搭建了基于粒度分析仪的高温高速颗粒特性动态测量系统,对AP/HTPB含铝复合推进剂开展了高温高压下固体火箭发动机试验研究,获得了排气羽流中燃烧终产物分布特性,包括燃烧终产物粒径、均值粒径及颗粒种类等随时间的变化规律,为全面了解凝相产物粒度分布特性提供试验和数据支撑。根据发动机燃烧室压力分布趋势,将固体火箭发动机的工作过程划分为3个阶段(阶段①~③),研究表明:阶段①排气羽流中固体颗粒包括黑火药和推进剂两种燃烧产物,黑火药的随机燃烧特性、燃烧室压力和温度的突升会共同影响该阶段的燃烧终产物分布特性;阶段②燃烧稳定性最高,且该阶段不同时刻燃烧终产物粒径具有较为一致的分布特性,可采用特征模式描述阶段②燃烧终产物的粒径分布;阶段③燃烧终产物粒径分布离散度小于阶段①,该阶段燃烧室压力和温度的突降会影响燃烧终产物分布特性;燃烧室压力和温度突变会改变燃烧终产物模态、峰值粒径及均值粒径等分布特性,不同类型颗粒质量分数随发动机工作阶段的变化而变化。
The addition of aluminium particles can effectively improve the energy characteristics of solid propellants,but it also brings negative effects such as specific impulse loss,slag deposition,and intensified nozzle erosion.Therefore,conducting research on the characteristics of final condensed phase products in solid rocket motors is of great significance for evaluating and improving the performance of solid rocket engines.The final condensate products were taken as the main research object,and a dynamic measurement system for high-temperature and high-speed particle characteristics based on particle size analyser was built for experimental research on AP/HTPB aluminized composite propellant under the real working condition of solid rocket engine.The distribution characteristics of final condensate products in the exhaust plume,including the change laws of the particle size,average particle size and types of final condensate products were revealed in this paper.It provides experimental and data support for comprehensively understanding the size distribution characteristics of condensed products.The working process of solid rocket engine can be divided into three stages(stages①~③)according to the pressure distribution in the combustion chamber.In stage①,The research shows that the condensate products in the exhaust plume include the combustion products of powder explosive and propellant.The random combustion characteristics of powder explosive and the sudden rise of pressure in the combustion chamber will jointly affect the distribution characteristics of condensate products at this stage.The size distribution of condensate products has the highest stability in stage②,and characteristic distribution can be applied to describe the size distribution of condensate products.The dispersion of size distribution of condensate products in stage③is smaller than that in stage①,and a sudden drop of pressure in combustion chamber during this stage will affect the distribution characteristics of condensate products.S
作者
刘梦莹
徐晨恩
黄河峡
蔡佳
刘筑
李世鹏
LIU Mengying;XU Chen'en;HUANG Hexia;CAI Jia;LIU Zhu;LI Shipeng(College of Energy and Power,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;College of Aviation Engineering,Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology,Nanjing 210023,China;Science and Technology on Space Physics Laboratory,Beijing 100076,China;School of Aerospace Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100086,China)
出处
《火箭推进》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第3期90-101,共12页
Journal of Rocket Propulsion
基金
国家自然科学基金(22205107)
江苏省卓越博士后计划(2022BZ212)
进排气技术教育部重点实验室基金(CEPE2020012)。
关键词
固体火箭发动机
含铝复合推进剂
凝相产物
粒径分布
动态粒径测量
solid rocket motor
aluminized composite propellant
condensate products
particle size distribution
dynamic particle size measurement
