摘要
矿物是行星演化重要的记录者。地球演化过程中一系列重大的地质事件都是通过研究矿物所记载的相关信息得到证实的。砷(As)是对生命最危险的有毒元素之一,也是指示地球化学环境演变过程的灵敏元素,目前发现的砷矿物超过760种。本文基于“矿物演化”和“矿物生态学”的概念,研究砷矿物多样性,分析其深时演化过程。结果发现,随着地质历史的演进,砷矿物多样性呈现幕式增长特点,其增长期与超大陆碰撞期以及大氧化期相对应。这主要和超大陆碰撞期热液和风化活动增强促进As的迁移转化,以及大氧化期As从还原态向成矿及迁移能力更强的氧化态转变有关。另外,根据现有砷矿物产地-砷矿物种类数据,基于泊松-对数正态分布LNRE(大量罕见事件)模型,预测地壳中至少存在1958种砷矿物,其中263种出现的概率超过95%,其形成主要受“决定性因素”控制;而大部分砷矿物出现概率较小,其中184种出现的概率甚至低于0.1%,形成主要受“偶然性因素”控制。
Minerals serve as recorders of planetary evolution.A series of significant geological events in the evolution process of the earth were confirmed based on researches of relevant information recorded in minerals.Arsenic is one of the most toxic elements to life,functioning as a sensitive indicator of evolutionary processes of the geochemical environment.Over 760 distinct arsenic minerals have been identified up to date.Based on concepts of"mineral evolution"and"mineral ecology",in this study,we have investigated the diversity and deep-time evolutionary process of arsenic minerals.The results reveal that the diversity of arsenic minerals has expanded episodically with the evolution of geological history.Notably,the growth stage of arsenic minerals is corresponded with stages of supercontinent collisions and the great oxygenation events(GOE).This phenomenon is mainly attributed to the migration and transformation of arsenic facilitated by the enhancement of active hydrothermal and weathering processes during the supercontinent collision periods and the transformation of arsenic from reduced state to oxidized state with relatively strong capabilities of mineralization and migration during the GOE period.Furthermore,by utilizing data of the locations and distributions of arsenic minerals,based on the Poisson Lognormal distribution LNRE(Large number of Rare Events)model,it is predicted that there are at least 1958 kinds of arsenic minerals within the Earth′s crust.Among these,the probability of occurrence for 263 kinds of arsenic minerals is over 95%,indicating that their formations were mainly controlled by deterministic factors.Conversely,the probability of occurrence for most of arsenic minerals is relatively low,especially,that of 184 kinds of arsenic minerals is even lower than 0.1%,suggesting that their formations were mainly controlled by contingent factors.
作者
唐鸣昊
滕辉
陆现彩
王汝成
朱翔宇
TANG Ming-hao;TENG hui;LU Xian-cai;WANG Ru-cheng;ZHU Xiang-yu(School of Earth System Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;School of Earth Science and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)
出处
《矿物岩石地球化学通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期418-427,共10页
Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry
基金
国家自然基金资助项目(42272039,41830859,41972041)
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1804402)。
关键词
砷
砷矿物
矿物演化
矿物生态学
矿物多样性
arsenic
arsenic mineral
mineral evolution
mineral ecology
mineral diversity
