摘要
【目的】通过分析蒸汽爆破(汽爆)后杜仲成熟叶片活性成分、抗氧化活性和香气组分变化,探究汽爆辅助制备杜仲叶茶的可行性。【方法】对比两个杜仲品种‘华仲8号’和‘华仲12号’成熟叶片的揉捻和不揉捻处理,采用2因素3水平完全试验设计,以叶片总黄酮、多酚和多糖含量确定最佳汽爆参数;采用紫外分光法和高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定叶片活性成分,测定DPPH(1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼)和ABTS[2,2-联氮-双-(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐]自由基清除率并分析叶片抗氧化活性与活性成分间的相关性;采用顶空固相微萃取/气相色谱-质谱联用法(HS-SPME/GC-MS)测定三硝基苯香气组分。【结果】依据总黄酮等含量确定最佳汽爆参数为:蒸汽压强0.45 MPa,稳压时间300 s。该条件下‘华仲8号’不揉捻和‘华仲12号’揉捻叶片处理总黄酮和多酚含量较对照分别提高10.87和21.51倍,多酚含量较对照分别提高1.14和0.87倍,环烯醚萜类等6种活性成分含量均极显著提高(P<0.01)。其中‘华仲8号’不揉捻和‘华仲12号’揉捻处理叶片的京尼平苷酸较对照分别提高了0.88和1.23倍,绿原酸较对照分别提高0.45和0.31倍,没食子酸甲酯较对照分别提高10.41和8.06倍。汽爆后杜仲叶抗氧化活性均极显著提高,‘华仲8号’不揉捻强于‘华仲12号’揉捻处理;IC_(50)值与京尼平苷酸、车叶草苷、绿原酸等含量均呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。叶片挥发性化合物中产生了苯甲醇和β-环柠檬醛等芳香物质,具有花香气味的酮类占比最高,相对含量提高了1.93~3.38倍。【结论】蒸汽爆破处理显著提高了杜仲成熟叶水提液的活性成分水溶率和抗氧化活性,其芳香类物质种类增加且含量提高。鉴于目前国内绿叶杜仲资源量远高于红叶杜仲,本研究所提出的杜仲成熟叶片萎凋后直接蒸汽爆破简化了制茶工艺步骤,有效降低了绿叶杜仲�
【Objective】To evaluate the feasibility of manufacturing Eucommia ulmoides leaf tea via steam explosion(SE),the changes of active ingredients,antioxidant activity and aroma components were compared between tea produced using E.ulmoides mature leaves with and without an SE.【Method】Treatments based on physically rolling or not rolling the leaves were applied using E.ulmoides‘Huazhong 8’and‘Huazhong 12’mature leaves.A two-factor,three-level complete experimental design was used to determine the optimal SE parameters according to the contents of total flavonoids,polyphenols and polysaccharides,which were determined by UV spectroscopy.The active ingredients were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The antioxidant activity of the samples was assessed using 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine(DPPH)and 2,2′-diazo-di(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diamine salt(ABTS)radical scavenging assays.Additionally,the correlation between the active ingredients of the samples and antioxidant activity was analyzed.The aroma components were determined by headspace solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME/GC-MS).【Result】The optimal SE parameters were a pressure of 0.45 MPa and retention time of 300 s.Under these conditions,the total flavonoid and polyphenol contents of‘Huazhong 8’and‘Huazhong 12’were increased by 10.87 and 21.51,and 1.14 and 0.87-fold compared with the control,respectively.The contents of six active ingredients increased significantly(P<0.01),with chlorogenic acid and gallic acid increased by 31.31% and 30.72%,respectively and methyl ester increased by 10.41 and 8.06-fold in non-twisted‘Huazhong 8’and twisted‘Huazhong 12’compared with the control,respectively.Overall,the antioxidant activity of mature E.ulmoides leaves was enhanced significantly with an SE,in which the antioxidant activity of non-twisted‘Huazhong 8’was greater than that of twisted‘Huazhong 12’.The half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))was
作者
周昀菲
杜庆鑫
王志勇
王璐
王雁
刘攀峰
孙志强
ZHOU Yunfei;DU Qingxin;WANG Zhiyong;WANG Lu;WANG Yan;LIU Panfeng;SUN Zhiqiang(Research Institute of Non-timber Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Zhengzhou 450003,China;College of Forestry and Grassland,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Key Laboratory of Non-timber Forest Germplasm Enhancement&Utilization of State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Eucommia Engineering Research Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Zhengzhou 450003,China)
出处
《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期245-256,共12页
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2022MB003)
郑州市基础研究及应用基础研究专项。
关键词
杜仲
活性成分
抗氧化
香气组分
蒸汽爆破
Eucommia ulmoides
active ingredients
antioxidant
aroma components
steam explosion
