摘要
《颅囟经》是中医儿科学现存最早的专书,对儿科的理论发展和临床实践有着极其深远的影响,并且目前依然有效地指导着当代中医儿科的实践。《颅囟经》于唐宋时期撰成,明代以后原书已佚,今之所见为以《四库全书》本为底本的点校本。“颅囟”指代小儿,书中提出了许多重要的学术思想,最有代表性的是“纯阳”学说与“变蒸”学说,前者应看作“元气未散”,后者应视为“正常生理”,提示中医学必参合天文地理、古今阴阳。此外,书中记载了小儿诊脉的方法,列举了新生儿疾病,惊证、痫证、癫证、疳证、痢证等小儿常见病证,并附有治法方药;原书陈列15种火丹,均以发病部位的不同进行辨治;《杂证篇》收录了丰富的验方,重视乳母在维护小儿健康过程中的作用、治病不忘顾护脾胃、以五脏辨证法治疗疳证等理念,这些理念至今仍为临床所借鉴。治疗用药切合儿科实际,剂型以丸、散为主,药味少,另有洗浴、吹鼻等简便易行的外治法,很好地解决了小儿服药难的问题。全书言简意赅,尚存佚文待考,如进一步深入研究,必将有更多的收获。文章简述《颅囟经》的来源及重要学术思想,分析小儿脉法、儿科病证,并与现今儿科治疗中的具体情况做对比,发现《颅囟经》所列举的小儿病治法治则切合儿科实际医疗需要,值得进一步研究。
Luxin Jing(《颅囟经》)is the earliest existing specialized book in traditional Chinese pediatrics,which has a profound impact on the theory and clinical practice of pediatrics and still effectively guides the practice of contemporary traditional Chinese pediatrics.Luxin Jing was written during the TANG and SONG dynasties,and the original book has been lost since the MING Dynasty.What we see now is a proofread version based on Siku Quanshu(《四库全书》).The term luxin refers to children,and many important academic ideas are proposed in the book.The most representative are the pure Yang(阳)theory and the infantile feverish perspiration theory.The former should be regarded as the energy has not dissipated,while the latter should be regarded as the normal physiology,indicating that traditional Chinese medicine must integrate astronomy,geography,ancient and modern Yin(阴)and Yang.In addition,the book records the methods of pediatric pulse diagnosis,lists common pediatric diseases such as convulsions,seizures,epilepsy,malnutrition,dysentery,and other common diseases,and includes treatment formulas and medicines.The original book displays 15 types of erysipelas,all of which are differentiated and treated based on different parts of the disease.The Miscellaneous Diseases section contains a wealth of empirical prescription.The concepts of valuing the role of nursing mothers in maintaining the health of children,treating diseases without forgetting to care for the spleen and stomach,and treating malnutrition syndrome by the five viscera differentiation method are still being used for reference in clinical practice.The treatment medication is in line with the actual situation of pediatrics.The dosage forms are mainly Wan(丸)and San(散),with less medicinals.There are also simple and easy external treatment methods such as bathing and nasal blowing,which effectively solve the problem of difficult medication for children.The whole book is concise and concise,and there are still some lost articles to be examined.
出处
《中医临床研究》
2024年第16期103-107,共5页
Clinical Journal Of Chinese Medicine
关键词
《颅囟经》
纯阳
变蒸
小儿脉法
儿科病证
Luxin Jing
Pure Yang theory
The infantile feverish perspiration theory
Pediatric pulse method
Paediatric disease
