摘要
岸线是长江湿地生态系统的重要组成部分,研究其土地利用变化及其生境质量时空响应对长江岸线生态保护和土地资源可持续利用具有重要意义。本文以1990、2000、2010、2020年4期土地利用数据为基础,采用生态系统服务和权衡的综合评估(integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs,InVEST)模型,研究了湖南长江岸线30年来土地利用变化及生境质量时空演变特征。结果表明:(1)1990—2020年湖南长江岸线土地利用格局发生了明显变化,草地、建设用地、未利用土地面积持续增加,占比分别增加了3.69%、0.81%和0.56%,耕地和水域面积持续减小,占比分别降低了2.46%和1.88%。(2)1990—2020年湖南长江岸线生境质量均值为0.8075,其中1990—2010年生境质量呈下降趋势,2010年后生境质量明显提高。生境质量空间分布表现为长江干线到防洪大堤逐渐降低。(3)生境质量等级以“优”和“良好”为主。相较于1990年,2020年生境质量“优”等级和“良好”等级面积占比共减少了0.25%。(4)土地利用转化产生的负面影响大于正面影响,土地利用转化导致生态环境退化和改善的土地利用变化贡献指数(land use change contribution index,CI)分别为-1.8151和0.9569,其中草地、水域转为耕地和建设用地是造成研究区生境质量下降的主要原因。该研究有助于进一步了解长江岸线土地利用变化与生境质量之间的关系,可为长江经济带生态保护和可持续发展提供科学支撑。
The shoreline is an indispensable part of the Yangtze River wetland ecosystem.Study on land-use changes and habitat quality is important to protect the wetland ecology and sustainability use of land resources in Yangtze River shoreline.With Landsat remote sensing images in 1990,2000,2010 and 2020 as the data source,this study adopt the InVEST model to study the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of land use change and habitat quality in Yangtze River shoreline in Hunan Province over the past 30 years.The results show that:(1)From 1990 to 2020,there were significant changes in the land use pattern of Yangtze River shoreline in Hunan,the proportion of grassland,construction land,and unused land,the proportion increased by 3.69%,0.81%,and 0.56%,respectively,and the proportion of cultivated land and water area decreased by 2.46% and 1.88%,respectively.The forest area showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,with a decrease of 0.73%.(2)The average value of habitat quality from 1990 to 2020 was 0.8075,and overall habitat quality was relatively good.The habitat quality showed the most obvious decline from 1990 to 2010,and the habitat quality significantly increased after 2010.The spatial distribution characteristics of habitat quality showed the gradual decrease from the Yangtze River trunk road to flood control embankments.(3)The habitat quality level is mainly characterized by“excellent”and“good”,and compared to 1990,the proportion of areas with“excellent”and“good”habitat quality levels decreased by 0.25%in 2020.(4)The CI of ecological environment degradation and improvement caused by land use transformation was -1.8151 and 0.9569,respectively,indicating that the negative impact of land use transformation was greater than the positive impact.The conversion of grasslands and water bodies to arable land and construction land were the main reason for the decline in habitat quality in the study area.This study contributes to further understanding of the relationship between land use cha
作者
李永进
汤玉喜
黎蕾
唐洁
LI Yongjin;TANG Yuxi;LI Lei;TANG Jie(Hunan Academy of Forestry,Changsha 410004,China)
出处
《三峡生态环境监测》
2024年第2期57-66,共10页
Ecology and Environmental Monitoring of Three Gorges
基金
湖南省林业科技创新项目(XLK202104-1)。
关键词
长江岸线
土地利用
InVEST模型
生境质量
时空响应
the shoreline of Yangtze River
land use
InVEST model
habitat quality
spatio-temporal response
