摘要
滑动电接触部件在电能传递与转换过程中起着举足轻重的作用,其失效和损伤行为带来的安全因素和经济影响重大,因此对其失效机理和修复技术的研究成为当今热点之一.已有众多学者通过试验和计算机模拟仿真等手段研究了电接触部件的表面损伤机制和寿命预测,至今为止,已研究出载流摩擦部件的表面修复技术多达15种以上,修复材料更是有上百种.本文中首先介绍了电接触的基本概念,从有无电流载入2个角度概述了滑动摩擦部件表面失效形式,并从试验研究及仿真模拟研究2个方面对表面损伤机制的研究方法进行了归纳;最后综述了滑动电接触失效部件的表面修复技术和修复材料体系的研究进展,总结了目前滑动电接触部件研究领域存在的问题,提出了利用试验与仿真模拟相结合探究涂层导电耐磨自润滑机理并优化涂层质量的研究思路.
With the increasing applications of electric energy and development of communication technology,the transmission and conversion of electric energy and electrical single between different parts plays important roles for the operation of equipment.For example,the pantograph and overhead contact wire system takes on the task of providing electricity for high-speed rail,the brushes supply electric powder for the electric motors for new energy vehicles,the electromagnetic rails provide high density current for generating huge Lorentz force of ejection weapon,the conducting joint of radar ensuring the reliable transmission of electrical signals,and so on.These parts always require materials to have high strength,high electrical conductivity,and good wear resistance,but it is very difficult to satisfy all these different requirements synchronously,and hence bring extensive economic cost to produce these key parts.The damage of these parts is mainly caused by the friction and wear with current,which always occurs at the surface of parts,but be treated by replacing with new ones.Such a simple treating method results in enormous economic loss and wasting of resources,and hence surface repairing and remanufacturing has been considered as a potential most promising way to deal with these failure parts.Up to now,there are intensive studies on the surface damage mechanism and prediction of lifetime on the electrical contacting parts,by means of experimental investigation and computer simulation.There are also many more than 15 kinds of repairing techniques and hundreds of material systems had been explored to deal with the surface repairing of the damaged contacting parts.In this paper,the basic concept of electrical contacting was introduced,and then the surface failure modes of sliding friction parts were summarized in detail,including the common styles mainly resulted from traditional mechanical friction and wear without current along with the special ones with current.Subsequently,experimental investigating methods and com
作者
张佳美
贾磊
邢志国
吕振林
ZHANG Jiamei;JIA Lei;XING Zhiguo;LU Zhenlin(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi'an University of Technology,Shaanxi Xi’an 710048,China;National Key Lab for Remanufacturing,Academy of Armored Forces Engineering,Beijing 100072,China)
出处
《摩擦学学报（中英文）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期696-714,共19页
Tribology
基金
JCJQ项目(2022-JJ-0112)资助。
关键词
滑动电接触部件
载流摩擦磨损
导电性
耐磨性
表面失效机理
表面修复技术
sliding electric contactor
current-carrying friction and wear
electrical conductivity
abrasive resistance
surface failure mechanism
surface repair technique
