摘要
近些年来印度洋近海金枪鱼类和马鲛类捕捞量上升较快,但因捕捞者多为个体手工渔业或小型工业渔业,渔业统计不完善,缺少传统资源评估所需的完整数据,因此这些鱼种目前缺乏可靠的评估。为了更好地掌握资源状况以制定相应的管理措施,本研究使用1950—2020年捕捞量数据,运用CMSY模型(Monte carlo catch-msy)、DB-SRA模型(Depletion-based stock reduction analysis)和OCOM模型(Optimized catch-only assessmentmethod)等3种数据有限评估方法对圆舵鲣、扁舵鲣、巴鲣、青干金枪鱼、斑点马鲛、康氏马鲛等6个鱼种资源状况进行评估。基于相对生物量(B/B_(MSY))和相对捕捞死亡率(F/F_(MSY))进行判断,扁舵鲣和斑点马鲛的当前资源状态较为健康[P(B/B_(MSY)>1)=78%,P(F/F_(MSY)<1)=67%;P(B/B_(MSY)>1)=78%,P(F/F_(MSY)<1)=55%],圆舵鲣和巴鲣较大概率处于捕捞型过度捕捞状态[P(B/B_(MSY)>1)=78%,P(F/F_(MSY)<1)=33%;P(B/B_(MSY)>1)=78%,P(F/F_(MSY)<1)=45%],青干金枪鱼和康氏马鲛较大概率既处于捕捞型过度捕捞又处于资源型过度捕捞状态中[P(B/B_(MSY)>1)=33%,P(F/F_(MSY)<1)=44%;P(B/B_(MSY)>1)=55%,P(F/F_(MSY)<1)=33%]。3种模型中,CMSY模型和DBSRA模型给出的MSY估计值接近,CMSY模型给出了最为谨慎的评估结果(6个鱼种均存在过度捕捞),而OCOM模型给出的结果最为乐观,表明3种模型对这6个鱼种的资源状况判断有一定差异。敏感性分析显示,参数r以及Bend/K的先验设定均会对CMSY模型结果产生较大的影响;DB-SRA模型对Bt/K敏感,对K较为稳健。从结果上来看,3种模型均可以用于对近海小型金枪鱼和马鲛类的资源评估,但单一方法可能会导致结果偏差。建议在使用数据有限的评估方法时,采用多组参数以及多个方法进行比较分析,以更全面地获得种群资源状况。本研究可以为印度洋近海小型渔业管理提供参考。
Neritic tuna and mackerels catch in the Indian Ocean have increased rapidly in recent years,whereas these species currently lack comprehensive assessment due to their predominant capture in artisanal or small-scale fisheries,where fishery statistics are insufficient and the necessary data required for routine stock assessment are lacking.In order to better understand the resource status and develop appropriate management measures,this study applied three data-limited methods(Monte carlo catch-msy,Depletionbased stock reduction analysis,Optimized catch-only assessment method)to assess Bullet tuna,Frigate tuna,Kawakawa,Longtail tuna,Indo-Pacific King Mackerel,and narrow-barred Spanish mackerel in the Indian Ocean.Stock status were evaluated based on relative biomass(B/B_(MSY))and relative fishing mortality(F/F_(MSY)).Results showed that Frigate tuna and Indo-Pacific King Mackerel had a healthy status[P(B/B_(MSY)>1)=78%,P(F/F_(MSY)<1)=67%;P(B/B_(MSY)>1)=78%,P(F/F_(MSY)<1)=55%],Bullet tuna and Kawakawa were at higher risk of overfishing[P(B/B_(MSY)>1)=78%,P(F/F_(MSY)<1)=33%;P(B/B_(MSY)>1)=78%,P(F/F_(MSY)<1)=45%].Longtail tuna and narrow-barred Spanish mackerel were at higher risk of being overfished and were subject to overfishing[P(B/B_(MSY)>1)=33%,P(F/F_(MSY)<1)=44%;P(B/B_(MSY)>1)=55%,P(F/F_(MSY)<1)=33%].Of the three models,CMSY and DB-SRA resulted in close MSY estimates,with CMSY giving the most cautious assessment results(overfishing in all six species)and OCOM giving the most optimistic results,with some differences in the judgement of the current resource status of the species among the three models.Sensitivity analyses showed that both the priori setting of r and Bend/K had a large impact on the CMSY results;DB-SRA was sensitive to Bt/K and more robust to K.All three models were applicable for neritic tunas and mackerels stock assessment;however,relying on a single approach may lead to bias results.It is recommended that when using data-limited methods,multiple models should be used to reduce bias.The findings
作者
陈镝安
朱江峰
耿喆
CHEN Di'an;ZHU Jiangfeng;GENG Zhe(College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploitation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China)
出处
《上海海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期728-740,共13页
Journal of Shanghai Ocean University
基金
国家自然科学基金(41676120)
农业农村部全球渔业资源调查监测评估项目(D-8025-23-1001)。
