摘要
基于无机阻燃剂的高效阻燃和抑烟特性,采用机械法和风选相集合的方法制备了高目数氢氧化镁(MH),并将其添加到聚氯乙烯(PVC)能源线缆中制备成复合材料。利用热失重仪、极限氧指数、烟密度测试箱等对该电线电缆的热性能、燃烧性能、烟密度等物理性能进行了测试,并且采用拉曼光谱仪、扫描电镜和能谱仪对最终的燃烧残炭进行了相关检测。研究结果表明,高目数MH的添加能有效地提高复合材料的热稳定性,T5%和T50%分别提升了3.1%和39.8%,且能够显著提高燃烧后的残炭率。同时,也能够在一定程度上提升PVC复合材料的阻燃抑烟特性,LOI值提升了4.8%,最大烟密度和烟密度等级分别降低了20.9%和29.7%;高目数MH的添加还能够有效地改善残炭的晶化结构及有序化程度,对于炭层的力学强度有提升效果,即能够更有效地抵抗热流和质流的传递;另外,其高目数MH的添加使炭层表面更为致密连续,提升了凝聚相阻隔效果。综上所述,物理法制备的高目数MH在能源线缆中存在较大的应用潜力。
Based on the high flame retardancy and smoke suppression characteristics of inorganic flame retardants,high mesh magnesium hydroxide(MH)prepared by mechanical method and wind separation method was added to the polyvinyl chloride(PVC)energy cables,and the composite materials were prepared.The thermal performance,combustion performance,smoke density and other physical properties of the wire and cable were tested by thermogravimetric analyzer,limiting oxygen index,smoke density test box,etc.,and the final combustion carbon residue was detected by Raman spectrometer,scanning electron microscope and energy spectrometer.The results showed that the addition of high mesh MH can effectively improve the thermal stability of the composite,the T_(5%)and T_(50%)was increased by 3.1%and 39.8%,and the carbon residue rate after combustion could be improved effectively as well.At the same time,the flame retardancy of PVC composite could be improved to a certain extent,the LOI value was increased by 4.8%,and the maximum smoke density and smoke density grade was decreased by 20.9%and 29.7%,respectively.The crystallization structure and ordering degree of the carbon residue could be improved by the addition of high mesh MH,and the mechanical strength of the carbon layer could be enhanced to a certain extent,thus the transfer of heat and mass flow could be inhibited more effectively.In particular,the surface of carbon layer could be more compact and continuous with the addition of high mesh MH,and the barrier effect of condensed phase could be improved.Overall,high mesh MH of physical method had great application potential in the energy cables.
作者
宋建强
彭鹤松
肖小兵
钟晨
徐灵峰
SONG Jianqiang;PENG Hesong;XIAO Xiaobing;ZHONG Chen;XU Lingfeng(Jiangxi Guangyuan Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Ji’an,Jiangxi 331500,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Jinggangshan University,Ji’an,Jiangxi 343009,China)
出处
《塑料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期161-167,共7页
Plastics
关键词
高目数氢氧化镁
阻燃线缆
热稳定性
燃烧性能
成炭性
high mesh magnesium,hydroxide
flame retardant cable
thermal stability
com bustion performance
charring property
