摘要
东亚江豚是国家二级重点保护野生动物,IUCN红色名录濒危EN物种,主要分布于中国、日本和韩国水域,目前的关注度较少,科学家还未对其栖息地进行过相关系统的评价.本研究基于MaxEnt模型和ArcGIS平台以及物种分布位点和6种环境变量数据,构建了适宜栖息地的模型,模型的训练集和测试集的AUC分别为0.973和0.965,表明模型的预测能力良好.模型预测适合度大于0.5的中高度适宜栖息地约213110.2 km^(2),主要分布在台湾海峡以北的中国沿岸海域(159865.4 km^(2))、朝鲜半岛西南部海域(37863.3 km^(2))和日本的东南部海域(4615 km^(2));适合度大于0.7的高适宜区主要分布于浙江北部至江苏南通,盐城到连云港附近,山东威海以北的渤海海域,韩国的江华湾及周边海域.通过分析因子贡献率、排列重要性和刀切法检验,水深、盐度以及海表温度在东亚江豚栖息地选择中起到比较重要的作用.基于本研究结果,建议对长江口及渤海湾增加现有保护区的面积或建立新的保护区,管控区内的人类活动,促进东亚江豚的生存和发展.
The East Asian Finless Porpoise(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri),as a national second-class protected animal in China and an endangered species in IUCN red list,is distributed in China,Japan and Korea coastal waters.This species attracted little attention,its habitat has not been systematically evaluated so far.In this study,the distribution model was constructed based on distribution data of east Asian Finless Porpoise and downloaded environmental factors data on MaxEnt and ArcGIS platform.The AUC training=0.973,AUC test=0.965 indicated good precision of the model and reliable result.The habitat area with suitability greater than 0.5 was about 213110.2 km^(2),mainly distributed in coastal waters north of Taiwan strait,China(159865.4 km^(2)),the western and southern waters of the Korean peninsula(37863.3 km^(2)),and the southeastern waters of Japan(4615 km^(2)).The areas of high suitability(habitat suitability>0.7)are distributed from north Zhejiang province to Nantong,from Yancheng to the vicinity of Lianyungang,Bohai Sea north Weihai,China and Ganghwa Bay and its surrounding waters in South Korea.By analyzing the contribution rate,the leading importance of factor,and the jackknife test,the bathymetry,salinity,and sea surface temperatures are important in the prediction MaxEnt model.Based on our results in habitat suitability prediction,the study suggested to increase the area or number of the natural marine protected areas appropriately,control anthropogenic activities,and improve the survival and development of east Asian Finless Porpoises.
作者
陈炳耀
杨丛汶
Chen Bingyao;Yang Congwen(School of Life Sciences,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)
出处
《南京师大学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第2期76-83,共8页
Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Natural Science Edition)
关键词
东亚江豚
环境变量
栖息地预测
水深
最大熵模型
the Narrow-ridged Finless Porpoise
habitat prediction
MaxEnt
bathymetry
environmental factors
