摘要
鲁仲连是战国末期齐国人,擅长辩论而急人困危,功成之后不受赏赐而飘然世外。司马迁《史记·鲁仲连列传》主要讲述鲁仲连的两件史事,一是力劝新垣衍不复言帝秦,二是一射箭书解聊城之围。司马迁在文末赞语中,认为鲁仲连“指意虽不合大义”,却颂扬他的高风亮节。围绕这一评价,后世文人或肯定鲁仲连宗周、不屑名利、排难解患等“义”的秉性;或围绕司马迁的看法,指出鲁仲连“指意虽不合大义”主要体现在宣扬的“势数”思想不符合“圣贤大义”、说服的时候使用了“恫吓”的方式、诱使燕将投降齐国不符合“忠君”大道等方面。学者对鲁仲连的多元评价,显示出鲁仲连独特的历史地位,值得深入研究。
Lu Zhonglian,as a native of Qi in the late Warring States period,was skilled in debating and was quick to deal with people’s difficulties,and after his success in his career,he declined the rewards and kept detached from the world.In Historical Records:the Biography of Lu Zhonglian,Sima Qian’s mainly recounted two historical stories of Lu Zhonglian:the first one,he urged Xin Yuanyan not to mention Emperor Qin again,and anther one,he wrote a letter for ending the siege of Liaocheng.At the end of the text,Sima Qian praised Lu Zhonglian and believed that although his meaning did not conform to the principles,Lu Zhonglian’s noble personality and integrity deserved the respect from the world.Based on Sima Qian’s comment on Lu Zhonglian,some scholars may affirmed Lu Zhonglian’s‘righteousness’,such as his loyalty to Zhou dynasty,his indifference to fame and fortune,and his ability to solve difficulties and problems;some scholars pointed out that“Lu Zhonglian’s meaning does not conform to main the principles”mainly manifests in his promotion of the“power and fate”ideology that does not conform to the“great righteousness of sages”,his use of“intimidation”in persuasion of the generals from the State of Yan surrendering to the State of Qi.In fact,the various evaluation by scholars have demonstrated Lu Zhongda’s unique historical position which is worthy of in-depth research.
作者
张艳丽
ZHANG Yanli(Guanzi Journal,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China)
出处
《渭南师范学院学报》
2024年第6期43-50,共8页
Journal of Weinan Normal University
基金
淄博市社会科学规划项目:稷下先生鲁仲连研究(23ZBSK170)。
关键词
鲁仲连
“义”
《史记》
司马迁
LU Zhonglian
“Righteousness”
Historical Records
Sima Qian
